国家级新区零售商业空间演变特征及影响机理--以重庆两江新区为例

Spatial Evolution Characteristics and Influence Mechanism of Retail Businesses in National New Area:Evidence from Liangjiang New Area of Chongqing

基于2010和2019年重庆两江新区零售商业类POI数据和实地调研资料,运用GIS空间分析法和质性研究法,探讨国家级新区零售商业空间演变特征及影响机理。研究结果表明:1)2010—2019年两江新区零售网点呈“多点式”增长和“圈层式”扩散,总体上表现为由“单中心”向“多中心”转变的空间分布模式;2)综合零售、食品类等零售网点的分布受空间区位的影响较小,呈现“大分散、大集聚”的演变特征;商场类、纺织服装类、文体类、医药类和家电类等零售网点偏好成熟商圈布局,呈现“小分散、大集聚”的演变特征;汽车类、家具类等零售网点在外围组团扩张显著,呈现“大分散、小集聚”的演变特征;3)国家战略下的机会窗口开启、外部需求与规模效应的驱动、业态演进的路径依赖性与历史偶然性、行业内在的区位选择偏好以及“企业型政府”建构的制度厚实等因素交互作用,影响着零售商业的空间演变。

Based on the POI(point of interest)data of retail businesses and the field investigation information in Liangjiang New Area of Chongqing during 2010-2019,using GIS space analysis and qualitative research method,this article discusses and analyzes the evolution characteristics and influencing mechanism of retail business space in National New Area.The research states that:1)in 2010-2019,the retail outlets in Liangjiang New Area was in“multiple point”increasing and“circle type”spreading,and the overall space distribution mode was transforming from“single center”to“multi centers”.2)The distribution of comprehensive retail outlets and food outlets is less affected by the spatial location,showing the evolution characteristics of“largely spread and largely gathered”.The distribution of outlets such as shopping mall,textile and clothing,sports,medicine and home appliances prefer mature business circles,showing the evolution characteristics of“small spread and largely gathered”.Automobile and furniture outlets expand significantly in the peripheral groups,showing the evolution characteristics of“largely spread and small gathered”.3)With the inter impacts on elements of opening up the window of opportunity under national strategy,outlets gather forced by external demands and scale effect,the path dependency and historical contingency in the evolution of retail formats,location specificity selection among retail profession,institutional thickness constructed by“entrepreneurial government”,and so on,the evolution of retail business space is being influenced.