我国全科医生职业认同现状及其影响因素

Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Professional Identity Among General Practitioners in China

目的:了解我国全科医生的职业认同现状,并分析影响因素,为稳定全科医生队伍,提高基层医疗卫生服务质量提供理论依据和政策建议。方法:2017年10月-2018年2月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样的方法,在我国东、中、西部随机抽取3244名全科医生进行微信匿名问卷调查。结果:共纳入3236名全科医生进行研究,职业认同度总分为52(IQR:7)分,97%(3139/3236)的全科医生职业认同度较高。全科医生的职业认同度在不同地区、年龄、性别、婚姻状况、职称、行政职务、收入水平、加班频率、职业发展机会和工作满意度等方面的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。地区、年龄、行政职务、职业发展机会和工作满意度是影响全科医生职业认同度的主要因素。结论:我国全科医生的职业认同度总体较高,但鉴于影响因素的复杂性,建议根据不同地区的特点制定相应对策,从而进一步提升全科医生职业认同度,稳定全科医生队伍,提高基层医疗卫生服务质量。

Objective:To investigate the status quo of professional identity among general practitioners in China and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide the theoretical basis and policy recommendations for stabilizing the team of general practitioners and improving the quality of grassroots medical and health services.Methods:From October 2017 to February 2018,a total of 3244 general practitioners were randomly selected from eastern,central and western China by multi-stage stratified random sampling and an anonymous questionnaire survey through WeChat was conducted among them.Results:A total of 3236 general practitioners were included in the study.The total scores of professional identity among general practitioners were 52(IQR:7)and 97%(3139/3236)of general practitioners had a high level of professional identity.There were statistically significant differences in professional identity among general practitioners of the different region,age,gender,marital status,professional title,administrative post,income level,frequency of overtime work,professional development opportunities and job satisfaction(P<0.05).The region,age,management responsibility,professional development opportunities and job satisfaction were the main factors influencing the professional identity among general practitioners.Conclusion:The professional identity among general practitioners in China is relatively high.But in view of the complexity of its influencing factors,it is suggested that corresponding countermeasures should be formulated according to the characteristics of different regions,thus enhancing the professional identity among general practitioners,stabilizing the team of general practitioners and improving the quality of grassroots medical and health services.