健康老龄化背景下宁夏老年人卫生服务需求与利用的影响因素研究

Study on the Influencing Factors of Health Service Demand and Utilization of the Elderly in Ningxia Under the Background of Healthy Aging

目的:了解宁夏地区老年人卫生服务需求和利用的情况及其影响因素,为我国中西部地区有关卫生部门制定相关卫生政策提供参考。方法:利用第五次国家卫生服务调查宁夏地区老年人的数据,采用统计描述、χ2检验及logistic回归对1198名老年人卫生服务利用的影响因素进行分析。结果:两周患病人数为518人(43.23%),慢性患病人数为842人(70.28%),两周就诊人数为162人(31.27%),年住院人数为230人(19.20%)。距离到最近医疗机构所用时间、地区、医疗保险类型、家庭人均年收入和是否患慢性病影响两周就诊率;文化程度、家庭人均年收入和是否患慢性病影响年住院率。结论:宁夏地区老年人卫生服务需求较大,卫生服务利用率有待提高,应改善基层医疗机构卫生资源配置,落实分级诊疗制度。

Objective:To understand the demand and utilization of health services for the elderly in Ningxia and its influencing factors,so as to provide references for formulating the relevant health policies in the central and western regions of China.Methods:Using the data of the fifth national health service survey in Ningxia,the influencing factors of health service utilization of 1198 elderly were analyzed by statistical description,chi-square test and logistic regression.Results:The number of patients in past two weeks was 518(43.23%),the number of patients with chronic diseases was 842(70.28%),the number of medical visits in two weeks was 162(31.27%),and the number of hospitalizations was 230(19.20%).The time taken to get to the nearest health care institution,region,type of health insurance,per capita annual income of the family,and the presence or absence of chronic disease affected the past two weeks visit rate.Annual hospitalization rate was affected by education level,per capita annual household income and chronic disease.Conclusion:There is a large demand for health services for the elderly in Ningxia,and the utilization of health services needs to be improved.The allocation of health resources in grassroots medical institutions should be improved to promote the implementation of hierarchical medical system.