我国45岁以上中老年人慢性病与抑郁症状的关联研究

Association Between Chronic Diseases and Depressive Symptom in Middle-aged and Elderly People over 45 Years Old in China

目的:探讨我国45岁以上中老年人慢性病患病率与抑郁症状之间的关联性。方法:数据来源为2015年中国健康与养老追踪调查,以8159名中老年人为研究对象,采用SPSS 25.0进行χ^(2)检验和logistic回归分析。结果:中老年人抑郁症状检出率为32.62%,女性高于男性(39.53%vs.25.23%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。慢性病的总体检出率为78.34%,检出率最高的为关节风湿病(37.54%),其次为高血压(33.33%)。仅患1种慢性病、共患2种慢性病、共患3种慢病和共患4种及以上慢性病的抑郁症状检出率分别为29.21%、33.13%、37.46%和49.01%。关节风湿病、慢性肾脏疾病、高血脂、糖尿病、慢性肺部疾病、慢性消化系统疾病、哮喘与抑郁症状的关联有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:我国中老年人群中慢性病和抑郁症状的检出率较高,关节风湿病、慢性肾脏疾病以及共患3种以上慢性病的中老年人是抑郁症状的高发人群。

Objective:To explore the association between the prevalence of chronic diseases and depressive symptom in middle-aged and elderly people over 45 years old in China.Methods:The data were from the China health and retirement longitudinal study in 2015 and 8159 middle-aged and elderly people were selected as the subjects.SPSS 25.0 was used for the chi-square test and logistic regression analysis.Results:The detection rate of depressive symptom in middle-aged and elderly people was 32.62%.Women had higher depressive symptom prevalence than men(39.53%vs.25.23%)and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The overall detection rate of chronic diseases was 78.34%.The articular rheumatism had the highest detection rate(37.54%),followed by hypertension(33.33%).The detection rate of depressive symptom was 29.21%in those suffering from one type of chronic disease,33.13%in those suffering from two types of chronic diseases,37.46%in those suffering from three types of chronic diseases and 49.01%in those suffering from four types of chronic diseases and above.The associations between articular rheumatism,chronic kidney diseases,hyperlipidemia,diabetes,chronic lung diseases,chronic digestive system diseases,asthma and depressive symptom were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The detection rates of chronic diseases and depressive symptom in middle-aged and elderly people in China are relatively high.The middle-aged and elderly people with articular rheumatism,chronic kidney diseases and more than three types of chronic diseases are vulnerable to depressive symptom.