《文心雕龙·诔碑》“诔”之概念探析

An Analysis of the Concept of“Lei”in Wen Xin Diao Long·Lei Stele

《文心雕龙·诔碑》篇对诔文文体的论述体现了刘勰对“诔”体概念的阐释与建构。其由“诔者,累也”之训释推求诔文文体立名之义,考察“诔”作为丧葬之仪存在的早期形制,对诔文文体性质及功用予以强调,明晰了诔文文体原初内涵与范畴。由“读诔定谥”之仪发展为书面礼文的古诔演变过程,揭示了“诔”由行为之名向文体之名的转变,以及古人对传统丧葬文化、礼制的继承。刘勰对诔文文体的释名章义明确了“诔”之概念,对“诔”这一文体作出规范与要求。

Wen Xin Diao Long·Lei Stele’s exposition on the literary style of Lei essay reflects Liu Xie’s interpretation and construction of the concept of“Lei”style.It deduces the meaning of the name of the“Lei”style from the exegesis of“Lei means the accumulation of virtues of the dead”,examines the early form of the existence of“Lei”as a funeral ritual,emphasizes the nature and function of the“Lei”style,and clarifies the original connotation and category of it.The evolution of the ancient ceremonies from“making a posthumous title by reading a eulogy(Lei essay)”to the written eulogy reveals the transformation of“Lei”from the name of behavior to the name of literary style,and the ancient people’s inheritance of the traditional funeral culture and ritual system.Liu Xie’s interpretation of the“Lei”style clarified the concept of“Lei”,and made norms and requirements for the“Lei”style.