垄沟集雨模式下垄宽对糯玉米子粒营养物质积累和产量的影响

Effects of Ridge Width on Grain Nutrient Accumulation and Yield of Waxy Maize under Ridge-furrow Rain Collection Mode

为探索垄沟集雨模式下不同垄宽对糯玉米子粒营养物质积累和产量的影响,以常规平作为对照(CK),研究了垄沟集雨模式下不同垄宽(50、60、70 cm)对糯玉米子粒营养物质积累、水分利用效率、植株性状和产量的影响。结果表明:垄沟集雨模式下,随着垄宽的增大,糯玉米的株高、穗位高和地上部生物量逐渐降低。与常规平作相比,不同垄宽的垄沟集雨种植模式均能够提高糯玉米的子粒产量和水分利用效率,其中,垄宽60 cm处理的糯玉米产量、水分利用效率和经济系数均最高,指标值分别为20.47 t/hm^(2)、28.21 kg/(hm^(2)·mm)和0.36,分别较CK增加了18.19%、56.9%和9.09%;垄宽70 cm处理的子粒淀粉、蛋白质、可溶性糖和脂肪含量均高于其他处理。在华北地区垄沟集雨种植模式下,垄宽70 cm、株距27 cm有利于糯玉米子粒营养物质的积累。

In order to explore the effects of different ridge widths on grain nutrient accumulation and yield of waxy maize under ridge-furrow rain collection mode,the effects of different ridge widths(50,60 and 70 cm)on grain nutrient accumulation,water use efficiency,plant characters and yield of waxy maize under ridge-furrow rain collection mode were studied with conventional cropping as control(CK).The results showed that the plant height,ear height and aboveground biomass of waxy maize decreased gradually with the increase of ridge width.Compared with conventional cropping,the ridge-furrow rain collection planting mode with different ridge widths can improve the grain yield and water use efficiency of waxy maize.Among them,the yield,water use efficiency and economic coefficient of waxy maize with 60 cm ridge width were the highest,and the index values were 20.47 t/hm^(2),28.21 kg/(hm^(2)·mm)and 0.36,respectively,which were 18.19%,56.9%and 9.09%higher than CK.The contents of starch,protein,soluble sugar and fat in the treatment with ridge width of 70 cm were higher than those in other treatments.Under the ridge-furrow rain collection planting mode in North China,the ridge width of 70 cm and plant spacing of 27 cm were conducive to the accumulation of nutrients in waxy corn grains.