高倍率铌基氧化物负极材料的研究进展

Recent Progress on High⁃rate Niobium-based Oxides Anode Materials

锂离子储能器件具有高能量密度与绿色环保等优点,在未来新能源汽车和大规模储能领域中将显示出巨大的潜力.然而,由于传统锂离子负极材料如石墨、硅存在电化学动力学缓慢与高倍率下的安全性等问题,无法满足目前能源消费终端日益增长的快速充放电性能要求.因此,开发有利于锂离子快速嵌入/脱出、安全性与稳定性优异的负极材料至关重要.相比于传统的负极材料,铌基氧化物具有合适的理论容量、更安全的工作电位、稳定且快速的离子传输通道等优点.本文综述了高倍率铌基氧化物负极材料在锂离子储能器件领域的最新研究进展,重点介绍了典型铌基氧化物的储锂机理与改性手段,并对铌基氧化物负极材料未来的发展与挑战进行了展望.

Lithium-ion energy storage devices have shown great potential in the fields of large-scale energy storage and new energy vehicles due to their high energy density and environmental friendliness.However,due to the unsatisfactory electrochemical kinetics and safety issue at high rates of traditional anode materials such as graphite and silicon,lithium-ion batteries cannot meet the current increasing requirements of fast charging and discharging.Therefore,it is significant to develop anode materials with fast insertion/de-insertion kinetics of lithium ions,excellent safety and good stability.Compared with traditional anode materials,niobium-based oxides have the advantages of suitable theoretical capacity,safer working potential and fast ion transport chan⁃nels.This review summarizes the latest progress on niobium-based oxide anode materials for ultrafast lithium ion storage devices,focusing on the lithium storage mechanism and various modification strategies of niobium-based oxides.In the end,the future development directions and challenges of niobium-based oxide materials will be presented.