不同倍性菘蓝林下光合特性及种植研究

The Photosynthesis Characteristics and Planting of Different Ploids Isatis Indigotica in the Understory

为了研究菘蓝林下种植是否可以提高土地利用率和板蓝根药材的产出。以四倍体和二倍体菘蓝为试材,在不同郁闭度林下进行了一个完整生长周期的种植和研究:郁闭度在0.3以下为轻度郁闭(C1),郁闭度在0.3~0.6为中度郁闭(C2),郁闭度在0.6以上为重度郁闭(C3),以大田露地栽培为对照(C0)。结果表明:菘蓝属于阳生植物,但对光的适应范围较宽,可适应30%郁闭以上的弱光环境。四倍体菘蓝光合能力强于二倍体菘蓝,但二倍体菘蓝更能适应弱光环境,更适合中度以上郁闭林地进行种植。在生产中,30%以下郁闭林地种植四倍体菘蓝,可获得较高效益,郁闭度30%以上林地,应选择二倍体菘蓝种植。

In order to study whether the understory planting of Isatis indigotica could be helpful to improve the land utilization and the production of Radix Isatidis, the authors chose diploid Isatis indigotica and tetraploid Isatis indigotica as the test materials, planted them for a full growth cycle and carried out the research depending on different canopy densities understory: canopy density less than 0.3 as mild canopy closure(C1),canopy density of 0.3-0.6 as moderate canopy closure(C2), canopy density above 0.6 as severe canopy closure(C3), and open field cultivation as control(C0). The results showed that Isatis indigotica was typical heliophyte,yet it had wide light adaptability, which could adapt to the weak light environment with less than 30% canopy.The photosynthetic capacity of tetraploid Isatis indigotica was better than that of diploid, but in weak light condition, the diploid Isatis indigotica was better-adapted than tetraploid Isatis indigotica, and the moderate canopy density understory was suitable to planting diploid Isatis indigotica. In less than 30% canopy density understory, planting tetraploid Isatis indigotica could get high benefits in production. In more than 30% canopy density understory, diploid Isatis indigotica should be chosen to plant.