妊娠-哺乳期饲粮添加甜菜碱盐酸盐对母猪粪便菌群组成及代谢产物含量的影响

Effects of Dietary Betaine Hydrochloride Supplementation on Fecal Microbiota Composition and Metabolites Contents of Sows During Pregnancy and Lactation

本试验旨在研究妊娠-哺乳期饲粮添加甜菜碱盐酸盐对母猪粪便菌群组成及代谢产物含量的影响。选用3~7胎次妊娠巴马香猪40头,随机分为2组,每组20头,单栏饲养。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮中添加3.5 kg/t的甜菜碱盐酸盐。试验期为母猪配种后第3天至分娩后第21天。分别在妊娠第105天和哺乳第21天,取母猪新鲜粪便样品用于微生物16S rDNA测序以及短链脂肪酸、生物胺、吲哚和粪臭素含量测定。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮添加甜菜碱盐酸盐显著增加了妊娠第105天母猪粪便迷踪菌门(Elusimicrobia)和粪芽孢菌属(Coprobacillus)相对丰度以及尸胺含量(P<0.05),哺乳第21天母猪粪便微生物Chao1和ACE指数和猪粪厌氧原体属(Anaeroplasma)相对丰度以及腐胺、亚精胺含量(P<0.05)。皮尔曼相关性分析发现,粪便厌氧原体属相对丰度与亚精胺含量呈正相关(P<0.05),与异戊酸和异丁酸含量呈负相关(P<0.05)。KEGG通路分析发现,与对照组相比,饲粮添加甜菜碱盐酸盐上调了妊娠第105天核苷酸代谢、聚糖生物合成与代谢、酶家族通路,上调了哺乳第21天异生素生物降解与代谢、萜类与多酮类代谢、脂代谢和其他氨基酸代谢通路。由此可见,饲粮添加甜菜碱盐酸盐可改变妊娠-哺乳母猪肠道菌群组成及代谢产物含量,进而改善机体代谢。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary betaine hydrochloride supplementation on fecal microbiota composition and metabolites contents of sows during pregnancy and lactation.Forty pregnant Bama mini-pigs with three to seven parities were used and randomly allocated to two groups with 20 pigs per group,and fed individually.Sows in the control group were fed a basal diet and others in the experiment group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 3.5 kg/t betaine hydrochloride.The trial period was from day 3 after mating to postpartum day 21.At day 105 of pregnancy and day 21 of lactation,the fresh fecal samples of sows were collected for microbial 16S rDNA sequencing,as well as the determination of short-chain fatty acids,bioamines,indole and skatole contents.The results showed that compared with the control group,dietary betaine hydrochloride supplementation significantly increased the fecal Elusimicrobia and Coprobacillus relative abundances and cadaverine content at day 105 of pregnancy(P<0.05),and significantly increased the fecal microbiota Chao1,ACE indexes,fecal Anaeroplasma relative abundance and putrescine,spermidine contents at day 21 of lactation(P<0.05).The Pearson correlation analysis found that the fecal Anaeroplasma relative abundance was positively correlated with spermidine content(P<0.05),and was negatively correlated with isobutyrate and isovalerate contents(P<0.05).The KEGG pathway analysis showed that compared with the control group,dietary betaine hydrochloride supplementation up-regulated the nucleotide metabolism,glycan biosynthesis and metabolism and enzyme families pathways at day 105 of pregnancy,as well as xenobiotics biodegradation and metabolism,metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides,metabolism of other amino acids and lipid metabolism pathways at day 21 of lactation.In conclusion,dietary betaine hydrochloride supplementation can alter fecal microbiota composition and metabolites contents of sows during pregnancy and lactation,and then improve the host’s metabolism.