不同剩余采食量的蛋鸭盲肠微生物组成及多样性研究

Analysis of Microbial Composition and Diversity in Cecum of Laying Ducks with Different Residual Feed Intake

本试验旨在分析不同剩余采食量(RFI)的蛋鸭盲肠微生物组成及多样性差异。试验选取300只400日龄的绍兴鸭,单笼饲养,期间记录个体初始体重、终末体重、采食量和产蛋重,利用多元线性回归方程计算个体RFI。选择RFI最高和最低的各15只鸭,分别为高RFI组(HRFI组)和低RFI组(LRFI组)。采集盲肠内容物后利用16S rDNA技术提取微生物基因组DNA进行高通量测序,分析其菌群结构。结果表明:1)HRFI组RFI、采食量、料蛋比均极显著高于LRFI组(P<0.01)。2组增重、平均蛋重、产蛋率和体重均无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)LRFI组Chao1指数和Shannon指数显著高于HRFI组(P<0.05)。3)在门水平上,LRFI组盲肠优势菌群为厚壁菌门(Firmicutes),HRFI组优势菌群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria),而拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)在2组中差异较小。4)在属水平上,LRFI组与HRFI组共有18个差异菌群,2组相对丰度排名前10的微生物菌属组成相同。LRFI组盲肠克里斯滕森菌科_R-7(Christensenellaceae_R-7_group)、颤杆菌克属(Oribacterium)、乳头杆属(Papillibacter)相对丰度极显著高于HRFI组(P<0.01),HRFI组支原体属(Mycoplasma)相对丰度极显著高于LRFI组(P<0.01)。综上所述,LRFI组蛋鸭盲肠微生物多样性较高,2组菌群结构存在差异。门水平上,LRFI组蛋鸭盲肠优势菌群为Firmicutes,HRFI组优势菌群为Proteobacteria;属水平上,LRFI组Christensenellaceae_R-7_group、Oribacterium、Papillibacter等17个菌群相对丰度高于HRFI组,而HRFI组仅Mycoplasma相对丰度高于LRFI组。

The objective of this study was to analyze the composition and diversity differences of microorganism in cecum of laying ducks with different residual feed intake(RFI).Three hundred 400-day-old Shaoxing ducks were chosen and reared in single cages,the individual initial body weight,final body weight,feed intake and average egg weight were recorded during the experiment,and the multiple linear regression equations were used to calculate individual RFI.Fifteen ducks with the highest RFI and the lowest RFI were selected,which were high RFI(HRFI)group and low RFI(LRFI)group,respectively.After collecting the cecal contents,the microbial genomic DNA was extracted for high-throughput sequencing by using 16S rDNA technique,and to analyze the bacterial community structure.The results showed as follows:1)the RFI,feed intake and feed to egg ratio of HRFI group were significantly higher than those of LRFI group(P<0.01).There were no significant differences in weight gain,average egg weight,laying rate and body weight between 2 groups(P>0.05).2)The Chao1 index and Shannon index of LRFI group were significantly higher than those of HRFI group(P<0.05).3)At the phylum level,Firmicutes was the dominant bacteria in cecum of LRFI group,while Proteobacteria was the dominant bacteria in HRFI group,and Bacteroidetes had little difference between 2 groups.4)At the genus level,there were 18 different bacterial communities between the HRFI and LRFI groups and the relative abundance of the top 10 microorganism genus composition in the 2 groups were the same.The relative abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,Oribacterium and Oribacterium in cecum of LRFI group were significantly higher than those of HRFI group(P<0.01),and the Mycoplasma relative abundance of HRFI group was significantly higher than that of LRFI group(P<0.01).In conclusion,the cecal microbial diversity of laying ducks of LRFI group is higher,and there are differences in microbial community structure between the 2 groups.At the phylum level,Firmicutes is the dominant bacterial community in cecum of LRFI group,while Proteobacteria is the dominant bacterial community in HRFI group;at the genus level,the relative abundance of 17 bacteria such as Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,Oribacterium and Oribacterium of LRFI group is higher than that of HRFI group,while only Mycoplasma relative abundance of HRFI group is higher than that of LRFI group.