子女性别与家庭储蓄--基于中国家庭金融调查数据(CHFS)的分析

Children’s Gender and Family Savings:Analysis Based on China Household Financial Survey Data(CHFS)

近年来,我国性别比持续偏高,给家庭经济决策带来一系列影响。文章从子女性别差异的视角出发,考察子女性别如何影响家庭储蓄及资产选择行为。基于2015中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据的实证分析发现,男孩家庭储蓄率显著高于女孩家庭。替换关键变量、采用倾向得分匹配法和分位数回归法等稳健性检验支持上述结论。异质性分析显示,子女性别对子女年龄处于16~25岁的家庭、东部地区家庭、城镇家庭及高收入家庭的储蓄率的影响更为显著。机制检验表明,子女性别对家庭储蓄率的影响主要通过“节俭效应”实现,男孩家庭倾向于减少享受型消费支出,同时有更强的动机购买多套住房。研究有助于深入理解子女性别的社会影响,并为中国家庭储蓄率差异提供了更丰富的微观经验证据。

In recent years,China’s gender ratio continues to be on the high side,which has brought a series of impacts on family economic decision-making.From the perspective of children’s gender differences,this paper examines how children’s gender affect household savings and asset selection behavior.The empirical analysis based on the data of China Family Finance Survey(chfs)in 2015 shows that the savings rate of boys’families is significantly higher than that of girls’families.A series of robustness tests,such as replacing key variables,using propensity score matching method and quantile regression method,support the above conclusions.Heterogeneity analysis shows that children’s gender has a more significant impact on the savings rate of families with children aged 16~25,eastern region families,urban families and high-income families.The mechanism test shows that the influence of children’s gender on household saving rate is mainly realized through the“thrift effect”.Boys’families tend to reduce the consumption expenditure of enjoyment type,and have stronger motivation to buy multiple houses.This study will help to understand the social impact of children’s gender,provide micro-empirical evidence for the difference of household savings rate in China.