积极工作身份:概念、影响与建构方式

Positive Work-Related Identity:Concept,Influence and Construction

随着积极心理学、积极组织学术的兴起,积极工作身份概念及相关研究应运而生。本文全面梳理了积极工作身份内涵、研究视角(美德视角、评价视角、发展视角和结构视角)、建构方式及其影响,从社会认同理论、身份工作理论、叙事身份理论和身份理论出发,尝试解决不同内涵间的差异性问题,并分析了积极工作身份形成的机制。研究表明:(1)积极工作身份的个体影响因素包括调节焦点、创伤后成长;情境影响因素包括工作特征、工作同情与亲社会实践;(2)积极工作身份不仅对员工的社会资源、心理功能、工作蓬勃以及身份威胁产生影响,还与组织绩效、高质量关系、凝聚力呈正相关;(3)积极工作身份的建构方式主要有自我叙事、身份工作、工作重塑与关系工作设计。最后,文章还提出了未来研究展望。

With the rise of postive psychology and postive organizational scholarship,the concept of positive workrelated identity and related research have emerged.This paper comprehensively combed the connotation of positive work-related identity,research perspectives(virtue,evaluative,development and structural perspective),construction and its influence.On the basis of social identity theory,identity work theory,narrative-as-identity theory and identity theory,the paper tries to solve the difference between different connotation,and analyzes the formation mechanism of positive work-related identity.Studies show:(1)the individual factors that affect positive work-related identity include regulatory focus,posttraumatic growth;situational factors include work characteristics,compassion at work and prosocial practices;(2)positive work-related identity not only affects employee social resources,psychological function,flourishing at work,and identity threat,but also positively relates to organizational performance,high quality relationship and cohesion;(3)ways of positive work-related identity construction mainly consist of selfnarrative,identity work,job crafting and relational work design.Finally,this study also presents the future research prospects.