Perovskite/Si tandem solar cells: Fundamentals, advances,challenges, and novel applications

The world record device efficiency of single-junction solar cells based on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites has reached 25.5%.Further improvement in device power conversion efficiency(PCE)can be achieved by either optimizing perovskite films or designing novel device structures such as perovskite/Si tandem solar cells.With the marriage of perovskite and Si solar cells,a tandem device configuration is able to achieve a PCE exceeding the Shockley–Queisser limit of single-junction solar cells by enhancing the usage of solar spectrum.After several years of development,the highest PCE of the perovskite/Si tandem cell has reached 29.5%,which is higher than that of perovskite-and Si-based singlejunction cells.Here,in this review,we will(1)first discuss the device structure and fundamental working principle of both two-terminal(2T)and four-terminal(4T)perovskite/Si tandem solar cells;(2)second,provide a brief overview of the advances of perovskite/Si tandem solar cells regarding the development of interconnection layer,perovskite active layer,tandem device structure,and lightmanagement strategies;(3)third,discuss the challenges and opportunities for further developing perovskite/Si tandem solar cells.This review article,on the one hand,provides a comprehensive understanding to readers on the development of perovskite/Si tandems.On the other hand,it proposes various novel applications that may bring such tandems into the market in a near future.