基于结构方程模型的中国高等教育融资绩效测度研究

Research on Innovation Performance Measurement of Higher Education Financing in China Based on Structural Equation Model

高等教育融资规模不足、融资效率不高的问题是长期困扰高校发展的一个难题,加强对各类高等教育融资方式融资绩效的研究,有利于高校在不同发展阶段选择不同的融资方式,不断优化融资组合.高等教育融资绩效的来源可以从成本因素、制度因素、结构因素、能力因素与风险因素等方面加以探讨,并对现阶段不同融资渠道的融资绩效加以检验.首先基于对教育融资影响因素的分析,阐述我国高等教育融资绩效的评估因素,构建影响因素与融资绩效关系的实证模型,并对样本数据进行结构方程分析,用以验证概念模型和假设.然后通过多元线性回归分析对不同的高等教育融资手段的不同影响进行测度.结果表明:公共财政拨款的融资绩效最为显著,其次为社会捐赠,再次为教育成本分担收费等.融资组合的不断优化有利于高校构建稳健的多元化融资渠道,缓解我国高等教育长期主要依赖政府拨款的压力.

The lack of financing scale and low financing efficiency of higher education has been a difficult problem for the development of colleges and universities for a long time.Strengthening the research on the financing performance of various higher education financing methods will help colleges and universities choose different financing methods at different stages of development and constantly optimize the financing combination.By discussing the sources of the financing innovation performance of higher education from the factors aspects of cost,system,structure,ability and risk,the financing innovation performance of different financing channels at the present stage is tested.Firstly,based on the analysis of influencing factors of education financing innovation,it expounds the evaluation factors of higher education financing innovation performance and establishes an empirical model of the relationship between influencing factors and innovation performance.Then,we verify the conceptual model and hypothesis by analyzing the structural equation based on the sample data.Finally,we take measures on the different influences of different means of higher education financing through multiple linear regression analysis.The result shows that the financing performance of public finance allocation is the most significant;the next one is university operation income,and then the sharing fees for education cost,etc.Constructing a robust and diversification financing channels is conducive to relieve the pressure of relying solely on government appropriation in higher education for a long time.The continuous optimization of the financing combination is conducive to the construction of stable and diversified financing channels for colleges and universities,and alleviates the long-term pressure for China’s higher education that is mainly relying on government funding.