农村独居老年人老年自我忽视的现状及影响因素分析

Elder Self-Neglect among Elderly People Living Alone in Rural Areas and Its Influence Factors

目的了解农村独居老年人老年自我忽视的现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取四川省3个市共233名农村独居老人作为调查对象,采用一般资料调查表、农村老年自我忽视量表、老年抑郁筛查量表、简易精神状态检查量表等进行问卷调查,采用多元线性回归分析农村独居老年人老年自我忽视的影响因素。结果农村独居老年人老年自我忽视总分为9.00(5.50,15.00),筛查出有老年自我忽视的老年人79名,占比33.9%,多元线性回归分析显示与子女交流频率、邻里关系、认知障碍、抑郁是农村老年人老年自我忽视的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论农村独居老年人老年自我忽视发生率比较高,农村社区卫生服务人员应高度重视独居老年人老年自我忽视的发生情况及特征表现,重点关注子女联络较少、邻里关系较差,认知功能低下且心理状态不容乐观的独居老年人,采取有效措施去提升老人的邻里关系及社会参与,降低负性情绪,进而降低其老年自我忽视水平。

Objective To understand the current situation of elder self-neglect(ESN)among the elderly living alone in rural areas and analyze its influence factors.Methods With convenience sampling,233 rural elderly people living alone in 3 cities in Sichuan Province were selected as the survey subjects and they were surveyed by using general information questionnaire,the Rural Elder Self-neglect Scale,the Depression Screening Scale(GDS-5),and the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire(SPMSQ).Multiple linear regression was used to explore the influence factors of ESN.Results The total ESN score of elderly people living alone in rural areas was 9.00(5.50,15.00)and 79 elderly people with ESN were screened,accounting for 33.9%.Multiple linear regression showed that the frequency of communication with children,neighbor relationship,cognitive dysfunction and depression were the influence factors of the ESN of the rural elderly people(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of ESN among the elderly living alone in rural areas is relatively high,and great importance should be attached to the occurrence and characteristics of the ESN of the elderly living alone,focusing on those with less contact with children,poor neighbor relationships,poor cognitive function and mental state.Effective measures are needed to improve the neighbor relationships of the elderly and social participation,so as to reduce negative emotions,and then reduce their ESN.