多雾霾城市绿地空气净化服务与景观格局的关系--以河南省安阳市区为例

Relationship Between Air Purification Service and Landscape Pattern of Urban Green Space in City with More Haze-Taking Anyang Urban Area of He’nan Province as an Example

[目的]探究多雾霾城市绿地景观格局对空气净化服务的影响,为城市绿地景观的结构优化和布置提供理论指导。[方法]基于河南省安阳市区2009和2019年土地利用数据,测算城市绿地景观对二氧化硫SO 2,氮氧化物NO X、可吸入颗粒物PM 10的净化效能,并从空间角度探索景观格局与空气净化服务之间的关系。[结果]①2009-2019年安阳城市绿地景观面积共减少3492.18 hm^(2),主要去向为建设用地。香农多样性指数、景观形状指数、蔓延度指数分别由0.5727,44.2721,78.98%变更为0.8758,90.3345,66.88%。②2009-2019年初、末期空气净化服务价值分别为5.65,26.70亿元,滞尘功能价值比例从97.19%提高到99.07%,林地景观对总价值的贡献从88.99%提升到94.54%。③绿地景观空气净化服务高、中、低值区呈现镶嵌分布状态,研究时段初期生态价值低值区偏多,末期中、高值区增多。④2009年香农多样性指数、景观形状指数、蔓延度指数与空气净化服务价值的双变量莫兰指数为0.281,0.458,-0.305,而2019年相应值为0.403,0.411,-0.408。[结论]城市绿地景观多样性的增加以及景观形状的复杂化会提升空气净化服务,而绿地景观的蔓延度下降则起抑制作用。

[Objective]The effects of urban green space landscape pattern on air purification service were studied to provide theoretical guidance for the structural optimization and layout of urban green space landscape.[Methods]Based on the land use data of 2009 and 2019 in the urban area of Anyang City,He’nan Province,the purification efficiency of urban green landscape for SO 2,NO x and PM 10 was measured,and the relationship between landscape configuration and airpurification services was explored from a spatial perspective.[Results]①The landscape area of urban green space in Anyang City decreased by 3492.18 hm,mainly for construction land.Shannon’s diversity index,landscape shape index and contagion index changed from 0.5727,44.2721 and 78.98%to 0.8758,90.3345 and 66.88%.②The service value of air purification at the beginning and the end of the studied period was 565 million yuan and 2.67 billion yuan respectively.The proportion of dust retention function value increased from 97.19%to 99.07%,and the contribution of forestland landscape to the total value increased from 88.99%to 94.54%.③The high,medium and low value areas of green landscape air purification service presented a mosaic distribution state,and the low value areas of ecological value were more in the early stage,and the medium and high value areas increased significantly in the late stage.④The bivariate moran index of Shannon’s diversity index,landscape shape index,contagion index and air purification service value was 0.281,0.458 and-0.305 in 2009,while the corresponding value was 0.403,0.411 and-0.408 in 2019.[Conclusion]The increase of landscape diversity and the complexity of landscape shape could improve the air purification service,while the decreasing spread of green space landscape would inhibit the air purification service.