嫦娥五号探测器回收分系统研制与验证

Development and Validation of Recovery System on Chang’e-5 Spacecraft

回收分系统作为执行我国首次地外天体自动采样返回任务的嫦娥五号探测器的关键分系统之一,为了实现结构布局优化、开伞载荷及系统稳定性兼容、轻小型化及高可靠性要求等目标,提出了非均衡载荷两级减速三伞方案、双冗余低电流弹盖拉伞优化方案、多敏感集成化回收控制方案、单点吊挂冗余解锁减速伞连接分离方案等。通过合理设计,完成仿真验证试验、地面验证试验、空投验证试验,确保了回收分系统协调匹配、工作可靠。在轨飞行数据结果表明:嫦娥五号探测器回收分系统工作性能稳定,满足各项指标要求。

The recovery system is one of the key subsystems of Chang’e-5 spacecraft,the first robotic sampling and return mission of extraterrestrial bodies in China.In order to achieve the structural layout optimization,parachute load and system stability compatibility,light miniaturization and high reliability requirements,a few schemes of recovery system have been proposed,i,e.a two-stage deceleration three-parachute scheme with unbalanced load,an optimization pull-out parachute scheme of double-redundancy low-current,a multiple sensors integrated control scheme,and a parachute connection separation scheme with single-point-sling redundancy-unlocking.Through numerical simulation,ground test and air drop test,the coordination and operation reliability of the recovery system are ensured.The results of flight show that the recovery system works stably and satisfies the technical requirements.