2000—2020年呼伦湖面积动态变化及驱动因素分析

Analysis on the Dynamic Changes and Driving Factors of Hulun Lake Area from 2000 to 2020

本研究以Landsat遥感影像为数据源,运用NDWI等方法,分析2000—2020年呼伦湖湖泊面积的变化规律,并探究产生变化的原因。结果表明:2000—2020年呼伦湖湖泊面积呈先减小后增大的态势,2010年是湖泊变化的转折点,2000—2005年湖泊面积缩减幅度最大,达326.1 km^(2)。究其原因,气温的升高和降水量的减小,使研究区处于逐渐变干的状态,增加了生态环境的不稳定因素;人口的增长和经济的发展,致使对水资源需求量增加,加快了湖泊的退化速度;但政府实施的一些措施,在一定程度上促进了环境的恢复。

This study uses Landsat remote sensing images as the data source,taking NDWI and other methods to analyze the changes in the area of Hulun Lake from 2000 to 2020,and explore the reasons for the changes.The results show that the area of Hulun Lake will first decrease and then increase from 2000 to 2020.The year 2010 is a turning point of the lake's changes,with the largest decrease in area from 2000 to 2005,reaching 326.1 km^(2).The reason is that the increase in temperature and the decrease in precipitation have caused the study area to gradually dry out and increase the unstable factors of the ecological environment;population growth and economic development have led to an increase in the demand for water resources and accelerated the lake's degradation,but some measures taken by the government have promoted the restoration of the environment to a certain extent.