花椒和椒目商品药材的生药学鉴别研究与数字化表征

Study on pharmacognosy identification and digitization of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and Zanthoxyli Semen

目的:探索花椒及椒目与其近似基原品种的生药学鉴别方法。方法:借鉴植物学有关形态和分类的术语及研究方法,运用体式显微镜、光学显微镜和扫描电镜,建立花椒及椒目性状和显微鉴定及数字化规范,对花椒及椒目与其近似基原品种进行深入的性状和显微鉴别研究。结果:花椒及椒目与其近似基原品种在油腺点、未发育离生心皮、未发育胚珠、种脐等形态特征上存在明显差异,在油室外缘、外果皮表皮细胞等横切面显微特征上存在明显差异。结论:通过本次实验研究,总结归纳了花椒和椒目专属且实用的生药学鉴别特征,可为花椒和椒目的监督检验、临床使用和标准修订提供参考。

Objective:To explore the pharmacognostic identification method for Zanthoxyli Pericarpium,Zanthoxyli Semen and their related species from the same genus.Methods:Referring to the terms and research methods of botanical morphological identification and classification,using stereo microscopy,optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy,the digital standard for macroscopic and microscopic identification of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and Zanthoxyli Semen was established.The macroscopic identification and microscopic identification methods for Zanthoxyli Pericarpium,Zanthoxyli Semen and their related species from the same genus were studied in depth.Results:There were significant differences both in the morphological characteristics,such as oil gland,undeveloped free carpels,undeveloped ovules and umbilicus and the microscopic characteristics,such as oil outer margin and epithelial cells of pannexterna between Zanthoxyli Pericarpium,Zanthoxyli Semen and their related species.Conclusion:This study summarized the exclusive and practical features in pharmacognosy identification of Zanthoxyli Pericarpium,Zanthoxyli Semen and its related species from the same genus.It will provide useful reference for supervision,inspection,and standard drafting.