道路土石方数量计算精度的敏感性分析

Sensitivity Analysis on the Calculation Accuracy of the Quantity of Earthwork and Stonework in Urban Road

精确计算出土石方工程数量是控制道路工程造价的关键。为便于道路土石方数量计算中选择计算方法、确定计算参数和考虑影响因素,分析了断面法、方格网法、等高线法和数字地形模型法对土石方数量计算的适应性、计算精度的敏感性以及常见的影响因素。研究得出了带状工程和场地类工程在不同地形起伏条件下推荐的土石方数量计算方法:当土石方数量计算容许误差为5%~10%时,采用平均断面法应保证A2/A1≤3.232~5.999;方格网法应多采用三角形图式和梯形图式,少用正方形图式和五角形图式;采用适当的方法处理清表土、基底压实、宽填和扣路槽等影响土石方数量计算结果的因素,能够使计算的土石方数量更接近于实际发生的土石方数量。

Calculating the quantity of earthwork and stonework precisely is the key to control the cost of urban road projects.In order to facilitate the selection of calculation methods,determination of calculation parameters and considering on influencing factors in the calculating the quantities of earthwork and stonework of urban roads,in this paper the section method,grid method,contour method and digital terrain model method are analyzed in terms of the adaptability and sensitivity of calculation accuracy and common influencing factors.The study shows that:the recommended method for calculating the quantity of earthwork and stonework is obtained under different topographic relief conditions;when the allowable error of earthwork and stonework quantity calculation is 5%~10%,the average section method should ensure the A2/A1≤3.232~5.999;the square grid method should use triangle schema and trapezoid schema more and square schema and pentagonal schema less;and,using proper methods to deal with the factors that affect the calculation result of earthwork and stonework,such as clear topsoil,compaction of base,wide fill and buckle groove,can make the calculated earthwork and stonework volume closer to the actual earthwork volume.