体育锻炼减少校园欺凌:内在逻辑与路径选择

Physical Exercises Reduce School Bullying:Logic and Measures

校园欺凌对欺凌者、受欺凌者和旁观者都会产生负面影响。课程干预是目前减少校园欺凌的主要干预手段,尽管针对不同的欺凌角色设计了不同的干预课程,但干预效果并不理想。体育锻炼能够减少校园欺凌,它能够改善欺凌者的自我控制能力和情绪管理能力,也能够提升受欺凌者的身体自尊、同伴关系与情绪调节能力。发挥体育锻炼减少校园欺凌的作用可以选择以下路径保证体育锻炼的时间与持续性是根本,在减少校园欺凌上,足够的体育锻炼时间和持续性才能保证效果;团体活动项目是最优选择,团体活动项目的互动性能够增加个体的人际交往体验,有利于改变之前的错误认知;正念、太极和冥想能够提升个体的身体感受能力,能够有效缓冲校园欺凌事件对个体的消极影响。

School bullying has negative influences to the bullies,the bullied and the bystanders.Curriculum intervention is currently the main intervention method to reduce bullying in schools.Although different intervention courses are designed for different bullying,the effect is not ideal.In comparison,physical exercise can reduce school bullying by improving self-control and emotional management of the bullies,and improving the physical self-esteem,peer relationship and emotional regulation ability of the bullied.To play the roles of physical exercise to reduce school bullying,ensuring the time and continuity of physical exercise is fundamental.Enough physical exercise time and continuity can ensure the effect.Group activities are the best choice,the interactivity of which can increase an individual’s interpersonal experience and help change previous misperceptions.Mindfulness,Taiqi,and meditation can improve an individual’s physical perception,and can effectively buffer the negative impact of campus bullying incidents on individuals.