手足口病患儿主要照顾者相关知识知晓情况调查及影响因素分析

Investigation and analysis of hand,foot,and mouth disease-related knowledge among the main caregivers of children with the disease

目的调查手足口病(HFMD)患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识知晓情况,分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样方法选取2018年9月-2020年12月本院收治的HFMD患儿的主要照顾者274名,采用自制HFMD相关知识调查问卷及一般情况问卷对其进行调查,通过Logistic回归分析探讨HFMD患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识知晓影响因素。结果 274名HFMD患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识得分>7分126名,知晓率45.99%。知晓率最高的题目是"HFMD是否具有传染性",最低的题目是"HFMD痊愈后是否可再患"。单因素分析显示,患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识知晓率与性别、年龄、居住地、受教育程度及家庭月人均收入有关(均P<0.05;Logistic回归分析显示,性别(OR=2.342)、居住地(OR=2.842)、受教育程度(OR=3.111)、家庭月人均收入(OR=2.096)是患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识知晓率的独立影响因素。结论 HFMD患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识知晓率较低,性别、居住地、受教育程度为初中及以下、家庭月人均收入<1 500元为其影响因素。因此,应加强对患儿主要照顾者HFMD相关知识的宣教,以提高其对HFMD的防控能力。

Objective To investigate the awareness of hand, foot, and mouth disease(HFMD)-related knowledge among the main caregivers of children with HFMD and to analyze factors influencing it. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select a total of 274 main caregivers of children with HFMD who were seen at this Hospital from September 2018 to December 2020. A self-devised questionnaire on HFMD-related knowledge and a questionnaire on general conditions were used. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing the rate of awareness of HFMD-related knowledge among the main caregivers of children with HFMD. Results Of 274 main caregivers of children with HFMD, 126 had a score higher than 7 on HFMD-related knowledge, and the rate of awareness of HFMD-related knowledge was 45.99%. The highest rate of awareness concerned "whether HFMD is infectious, " and the lowest rate of awareness concerned "whether HFMD can recur after recovery." Univariate analysis indicated that the rate of awareness of HFMD-related knowledge were related to the sex, age, residence, level of education, and monthly per capita income of the main caregivers of children with HFMD(P<0.05 for all). Logistic regression analysis indicated that sex(OR=2.342), location of residence(OR=2.842), level of education(OR=3.111), and family monthly per capita income(OR=2.096) were independent factors influencing the rate of awareness of HFMD-related knowledge. Conclusion The main caregivers of children with HFMD have a low rate of awareness of HFMD-related knowledge, and sex, location of residence, a middle school level of education or lower, and a family monthly per capita income < 1 500 yuan are factors influencing the rate of awareness of HFMD-related knowledge. Therefore, education in HFMD-related knowledge should be enhanced for the main caregivers of children, and especially male caregivers, caregivers living in rural areas, caregivers with a low level of education, and caregivers with a low monthly per capita income, in order to improve their ability to prevent and control HFMD.