抗肿瘤天然产物薯蓣皂苷元的研究进展

Research on anti-tumor natural product diosgenin

薯蓣皂苷元在多种植物如黄精、重楼、薯蓣、葫芦巴、闭鞘姜、箭根薯等广泛存在,具有较好的抗肿瘤活性,还有防止动脉粥样硬化、保护心脏、治疗糖尿病等作用。该文围绕薯蓣皂苷元对于肺、乳腺、胆囊、肝、口腔、胃、膀胱、骨髓等部位的抗肿瘤作用机制进行梳理,发现其主要通过抑制肿瘤细胞迁移、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖与生长、诱导细胞凋亡等机制来发挥效果。而天然的薯蓣皂苷元往往存在着产率低、生物利用度低等问题,该文介绍了经结构修饰、剂型改造和联合用药等方法来提高薯蓣皂苷元产率及抗肿瘤活性的策略,以期为薯蓣皂苷元的合理开发提供理论依据。

Diosgenin is widely distributed in many plants,such as Polygonatum sibiricum,Paris polyphylla,Dioscorea oppositifolia,Trigonella foenum-graecum,Costus speciosus,Tacca chantrieri,which has good anti-tumor activity and preferable effects on preventing atherosclerosis,protecting the heart,treating diabetes,etc.This review combed through the anti-tumor mechanisms of diosgenin encompassing lung,breast,gallbladder,liver,oral cavity,stomach,bladder,bone marrow,etc.Besides,it was discovered that diosgenin mainly exerts its effect by inhibiting tumor cell migration,suppressing tumor cell proliferation and growth,and inducing cell apoptosis.However,problems like low yield and bioavailability frequently exist in natural diosgenin.This review introduced methods such as structural modification,dosage form optimization and combination medication to improve the yield and anti-tumor activity of diosgenin.Via the summary of this paper,it is expected to provide theoretical basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of diosgenin.