中小学生家长关于女儿接种HPV疫苗的知识和意愿调查

Awareness and willingness to vaccinate daughters with human papillomavirus vaccines among parents of primary and middle school students

目的了解中小学女生家长人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗知识知晓水平,以及为女儿接种HPV疫苗的意愿,为促进中小学女生HPV疫苗接种提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,从杭州市拱墅区、嘉兴市秀洲区和湖州市吴兴区的城区和郊区各抽取1所小学和1所初中,选取小学四~六年级和初中一~三年级女生父母亲为调查对象。采用《中小学女生父母对女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿的调查问卷》调查人口学信息、HPV疫苗相关知识和为女儿接种HPV疫苗的意愿;采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析接种意愿的影响因素。结果发放调查问卷1 500份,回收有效问卷1 466份,回收有效率为97.73%。父亲应答313人,占21.35%;母亲应答1 153人,占78.65%。家长HPV疫苗知晓率为16.81%。为女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿率为49.86%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女儿接种过自费疫苗(OR=1.935,95%CI:1.473~2.541)、知晓宫颈癌(OR=1.424, 95%CI:1.065~1.904)、知晓HPV疫苗接种剂次(OR=1.672,95%CI:1.216~2.301)、知晓HPV疫苗最佳接种时期(OR=1.392,95%CI:1.032~1.876)、知晓HPV疫苗接种后仍需宫颈癌筛查(OR=1.596,95%CI:1.227~2.075)的家长为女儿接种HPV疫苗的意愿较高;认为HPV疫苗贵(OR=0.154,95%CI:0.099~0.240)的家长为女儿接种HPV疫苗的意愿较低。结论中小学女生家长HPV疫苗知晓率为16.81%,为女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿率为49.86%;HPV疫苗相关知识知晓水平和疫苗价格是中小学生家长为女儿接种HPV疫苗意愿的影响因素。

Objective To investigate the awareness of human papillomavirus( HPV) vaccine and willingness to vaccinate daughters among parents of primary and middle school students, so as to provide the reference for the promotion of HPV vaccine in primary and middle school girls. Methods Using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the parents of girls in in Grade Four to Nine from schools in Gongshu District of Hangzhou, Xiuzhou District of Jiaxing and Wuxing District of Huzhou were selected. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic information,HPV vaccine related knowledge and willingness to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the willingness to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines among parents. Results Totally 1 500 questionnaires were sent out, and 1 466 were effectively collected, with an effective rate of 97.73%. There were 313 fathers responded, accounting for 21.35%;and 1 153 mothers responded, accounting for 78.65%. The awareness rate of HPV vaccine was 16.81%. The rate of willing to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines was 49.86%. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patients who ever vaccinated daughters with self-paid vaccines( OR=1.935, 95%CI: 1.473-2.541), knew cervical cancer( OR=1.424, 95%CI: 1.065-1.904), knew HPV vaccine dose( OR=1.672, 95%CI:1.216-2.301), knew the best vaccination period( OR=1.392, 95%CI: 1.032-1.876),knew the need of cervical cancer screening even after vaccination( OR=1.596, 95%CI:1.227-2.075) were more willing to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines, while the parents who thought HPV vaccine expensive( OR=0.154, 95%CI: 0.099-0.240) were less willing to vaccinate daughters with HPV vaccines. Conclusions The rates of HPV vaccine awareness and willingness to vaccinate daughters are 16.81% and 49.86% among parents of primary and middle school students.Their knowledge of HPV vaccine and the price of the vaccine may affect their willingness to vaccinate daughters.