过量锰和铁单独或联合暴露致中枢神经毒性研究进展

Research progress in central nervous system toxicity caused by excessive manganese or iron exposure alone or in combination

锰和铁在环境中普遍存在,对中枢神经系统有较多的生物学毒性,可能与神经变性疾病如帕金森病、阿尔兹海默病和亨廷顿舞蹈病等的发生发展关系密切。过量锰和铁单独暴露引起的中枢神经毒性不乏报道。过量锰暴露可破坏正常神经细胞功能,导致氧化应激、线粒体功能障碍、自噬失调、细胞凋亡和蛋白质稳态失衡,以致神经传递受阻,引起神经系统疾病。过量铁暴露可诱导神经毒性,主要与氧化应激有关。锰和铁联合暴露引起的中枢神经毒性及其机制研究甚少。本文介绍过量锰或铁单独或联合暴露致中枢神经毒性的研究进展,为锰、铁单独或联合暴露的中枢神经毒性防治研究提供线索或科学依据。

Manganese and iron are widespread in the environment and have more biological toxicity to the central nervous system.They may be closely related to the occurrence and development of such neurodegenerative diseases as Parkinson disease,Alzheimer disease and Huntington disease.There are many reports about central nervous system toxicity caused by excessive manganese and iron exposure alone.Excessive manganese can destroy normal nerve cell functions,leading to oxida⁃tive stress,mitochondrial dysfunction,autophagy disorders,cell apoptosis and abnormal protein dynamics,so that nerve transmission is blocked and neurological diseases result.Excess iron can induce neurotoxicity,which is mainly related to oxidative stress.However,the central nervous system toxicity and its mechanism caused by combined exposure of manganese and iron are rarely studied.There⁃fore,this article introduces the research progress in central nervous system toxicity caused by exces⁃sive manganese or iron exposure alone or in combination,and provides clues to the prevention and treatment of central nervous system toxicity due to manganese and iron combined exposure.