灵鹫山国家森林康养基地空气负氧离子浓度变化特征及其影响因素研究

Variation Characteristics of Negative Air Ions Concentrations and Influencing Factors in Lingjiushan Mountain National Forest Health Base

利用灵鹫山国家森林康养基地(以下简称灵鹫山)空气负氧离子长期自动监测数据,分析了空气负氧离子的日变化和季节变化特征及其与温度、相对湿度和气压等气象因子之间的关系。结果表明,灵鹫山年平均空气负氧离子浓度为4475个·cm^(-3),夏季的平均浓度最高,变化范围最大,呈单峰型分布;春季和秋季表现出一定程度的双峰型分布,且其平均浓度间的差异不显著(P<0.05);冬季的负氧离子浓度最低,随时间的变化不明显。同一个环境因子对空气负氧离子浓度影响程度的大小和方向在不同季节的表现不同,仅细颗粒物浓度(PM_(2.5))、气压和臭氧浓度表现出一致的负相关性。春季和夏季,对空气负氧离子浓度影响最大的分别是相对湿度和温度,秋季和冬季为气压。本研究认为,不同季节影响森林空气负氧离子浓度的主导气象因子不同,且不同气象因子的影响程度和方向也存在差异,进一步的研究需要考虑不同因子之间的共线性作用,并区别直接和间接影响。

During June 2019 and May 2020,automatic monitoring were implemented on negative air ions(NAI)and meteorological factors in Lingjiushan Mountain National Forest Health Base,Quzhou city,Zhejiang province.The results showed that the annual average concentration of NAI was 4475 N/cm^(3).It was unimodal distributed in summer with the highest average concentration and the largest variation range and the lowest in winter with no obvious daily changes.The concentration of NAI in spring and autumn showed bimodal distribution,and mean concentration had no great difference.In spring and summer,temperature and humidity had the greatest effect on NAI concentration.The contribution of meteorological factors to concentration of NAI varied in seasons,only PM_(2.5),air pressure and O3 showed negative relation in autumn and winter.The results revealed that the dominant meteorological factors affecting NAI concentration differed in seasons.