在艺术中开启真理与存在——弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫世界里的海德格尔

Let burst forth truth and existence in art——Heidegger in Virginia Woolf’s literary world

我们对周遭世界的感知为我们提供了叙述的全部装备,也为我们开启了存在的全部意义。从伍尔夫作品,我们总能感受到溢满着流动不居和旁枝逸出的有机生命现象,我们将其视为对现象学哲学观的文学诠释。海德格尔的"诠释现象学"是聚焦于人们对主体(情感)、客体和现实之本质所持之态度,是关乎存在的诠释学。一般而论,现象学关乎现成化的事物,而诠释学关乎把某物当成什么来解释并使其意义得以"呈现"。我们采纳海德格尔关于此在、真理和艺术之起源的观念去分析伍尔夫《到灯塔去》《海浪》《幕间》三部作品,实现把小说和现象学相结合,把诠释学与文本和文学创作相结合,并因此从伍尔夫的小说叙述中发现一种海德格尔式的理解或叙述方式:即人之"此在"通过理解而绽放,通过理解生成意义。

Our perception of the world around us not only provides us with all equipment for literary narrative,but also bursts forth the full meaning of existence for us.In Virginia Woolf’s novels,we always perceives the phenomenon of flowing and overbearing organic life which we regard as a literary interpretation of phenomenological philosophy.Heidegger’s "hermeneutic phenomenology" focuses on people’s attitude towards emotional subjectivity,object and reality,and is closely related to the hermeneutics of existence.Generally speaking,phenomenology is related to existing things,while hermeneutics is related to understanding something as something particular and making its meaning "present" to someone particular in the world.We adopt Heidegger’s concepts of being,truth and the origin of art to analyze Woolf’s three works To the Lighthouse,The Waves and Between Acts,so as to achieve the combination of literal creation and phenomenology,hermeneutics and text,and therefore,we are able to find a Heideggerian way of understanding or narration in Woolf’s novels,that is,the "dasein" of human beings blooms in the midst of man’s understanding,and generates meaning through understanding.