机器视觉技术估算边坡连续形变体积

Estimation of Continuous Deformation Volume of Slope Using Machine Vision Technique

"自动化"是实现矿山数字化、智能化的关键一步,同时也是矿山生产安全的重要保障。由于矿区环境复杂,造成边坡发生形变产生的原因、形变持续时间存在差异,使得准确提取边坡连续形变信息变得极为困难。为提升该类信息提取的准确度,提出一种基于深度信息的边坡连续形变信息提取方法。首先通过试验模拟矿山边坡,利用深度相机记录边坡在降雨条件下的破坏过程以获取图像数据和三维点云数据;然后采用相机标定建立图像数据和三维点云数据之间的关系并基于坐标变换和最近邻插值技术实现点云缺失值的补充;最后利用背景差分算法和去噪算法识别边坡形变区域,根据边坡形变前后点云的坐标变化估算边坡形变产生的体积。研究表明:该方法能够精确识别边坡形变区域,平均识别精度达92.39%。通过机器视觉技术能够以较高精度实现边坡形变区域自动识别与边坡形变体积信息提取,减少人工参与。

"Automation" is a key step to realize the digitization and intelligence of mines,and it is also an importantguarantee for mine production safety. Due to the complex environment of the mining area,there are differences in the causesand duration of the slope deformation,which makes it extremely difficult to accurately extract the information of the slopecontinuous deformation. Therefore,in order to improve the accuracy of these information extraction,a method for extractingslope continuous deformation information based on depth information is proposed. Firstly,the mine slope is simulatedthrough experiments,and the depth camera is used to record the failure process of the slope under rainfall conditions to ob-tain image data and three-dimensional point cloud data. Then,the camera calibration is used to establish the relationship be-tween the image data and the 3D point cloud data,and the missing value of the point cloud is supplemented based on coordi-nate transformation and nearest neighbor interpolation technology.Finally,the background difference algorithm and denoisingalgorithm are used to identify the slope deformation area,and according to the coordinate changes of the point cloud beforeand after the slope deformation, the volume generated by the slope deformation is estimated. Research shows that this methodcan accurately identify the slope deformation area,with an average recognition accuracy of 92.39%. Machine vision technolo-gy can realize automatic identification of slope deformation area and extraction of slope deformation volume information withhigh accuracy,reducing manual participation.