金代诸府政区等第问题新探

New Study on the Administrative Rank of Prefectures in the Jin Dynasty

学界一般将金代诸府分为京府、总管府和散府三等。研究认为,从行政区划的角度,上述划分混淆了路级行政机构总管府与总管府路治府之间的差别,也掩盖了《金史》等文献中“京府”通常不指诸京路治府的事实。根据入驻上级机构的行政地位,可将金府分为京路治府、总管府路治府和散府(即非总管府路治府)三等。该阶序与以人口因素为主构成的上、中、下等第体系无直接关联,彼此具有独立性。深入认识金代诸府的分等问题,有助于理解元代府路分等的实践逻辑,并揭示元路分等现象所反映金元路制发展的重要转折。

It's generally accepted in academia that the various prefectural governments,were divided,top-down,into capital prefecture,general prefecture and the third class Sanfu(散府)in the Jin Dynasty.This paper holds that,from the point of view of administrative division,the above division blurs the difference between the general office of administrative organization and the general prefecture's capital town.It also conceals the fact that“Jingfu”(the Capital prefecture)in Jin Shi and other documents refers not only to the capital prefecture Lu(诸京路).Depending on the administrative status of the authorities they host,the various prefectural governments can be divided into the capital prefecture Lu's town,general prefecture Lu's town and non-general prefecture Lu or third rank Sanfu's town.There is no direct correlation between the aforementioned order and the upper,middle and lower tier system,which is mainly composed of demographic factors,and they are independent from each other.It is helpful in understanding the actual practice of the administrative divisions in the Yuan Dynasty and revealing the great turning point of the development of the Lu system during Jin and Yuan Dynasties.