初中生心理素质与学校适应的关系:基于潜在剖面分析

The Relationship Between Psychological Suzhi and School Adjustment in Junior High School Students:Based on Latent Profile Analysis

为考察初中生心理素质的潜在类别及其与学校适应的关系,采用中学生心理素质问卷、外化问题行为问卷、Achenbach青少年自评量表和Olweus儿童欺负问卷对3649名初中生进行问卷调查,并收集其期末成绩,研究发现:①初中生心理素质可分为3种潜在类别:高心理素质组(30.40%)、中等心理素质组(54.12%)和低心理素质组(15.48%);②初中生心理素质的潜在类别在年龄、性别和父母婚姻状态等人口学变量上呈现出不同的特点;③不同潜在类别学生在学校适应指标上差异具有统计学意义,高心理素质组学生的学校适应状态最佳,中等心理素质组次之,低心理素质组最差,且3组间差异具有统计学意义.

To examine the potential classes of psychological suzhi,as well as the relationship between the potential classes and school adjustment,a total of 3649 junior high school students in Guizhou Province were tested with the Psychological Suzhi Questionnaire,Achenbach Youth Self-Report-2001 Version,Externalizing Problem Behavior Questionnaire and the Olweus Victim Questionnaire,and their academic grades were also collected.The results showed that based on the latent classes of psychological suzhi,junior high school students were classified into three subgroups:a higher psychological suzhi subgroup,a moderate psychological suzhi subgroup and a lower psychological suzhi subgroup,accounting for 30.40%,54.12%and 15.48%,respectively,of the total;that the potential class of psychological suzhi was influenced by demographic variables(e.g.,gender,age and parental marital status);and that the potential class of psychological suzhi showed a significant difference in school adjustment:students in the higher psychological suzhi subgroup showed thebest school adjustment status,followed in order by the moderate psychological suzhi subgroup and the lower psychological suzhi subgroup.The above results indicate that a potential profile analysis can help distinguish between potential classes of psychological suzhi for junior high school students and,hence,offers a new perspective for psychological suzhi research.