新冠疫情对儿童青少年心理健康的影响及应对建议

The impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of children and adolescents and countermeasures

童年期是个体神经系统发育的关键期,发生在这一阶段的应激性事件将对个体的心理发展造成不同程度的近期和远期影响。为了应对新冠肺炎疫情的暴发,国际社会采取了一系列的政策,如关闭学校、鼓励社交隔离等,给儿童的心理社会环境带来冲击,增加了儿童出现心理问题的风险。介绍了新冠疫情下儿童(包括青少年)可能出现的心理问题,并探讨了政府、社会、以及家庭可以采取的应对措施,对如何促进疫情后儿童的心理复原提出了建议。

Childhood is a critical period in the development of their central nervous system.Stressful life events in childhood may have both short-term and long-term impacts on their mental health.To cope with the COVID-19 epidemic,a series of policies have been adopted worldwide,such as the school closure and the social distancing,which have changed the children’s psychosocial environment and are associated with an increased risk of mental health problems.This paper reviews the mental health problems that the children might face amid the COVID-19 epidemic,and discusses the countermeasures that the government,the society,and the family might take.Finally,suggestions are made to promote the psychological recovery of children after the epidemic.