中国超精密齿轮技术的“进化”

The progress of ultra-precision gear technology in China

制造领域的精度问题是"卡脖子"的重要一环。中国超精密齿轮1级精度的突破是解决这一精度难题的典型代表。超精密齿轮不仅可以用于齿轮精度传递基准,还作为精密仪器安装于尖端产品和现代化武器,从而实现传动、变速和变向等目的。西方发达国家对中国进行技术封锁,为自主掌握核心技术,中国科学院院士王立鼎历经40余年时间,于1999年带领团队成功研制出国际标准的1级超精密标准齿轮。基于对王立鼎院士口述访谈等资料的整理与分析,梳理超精密齿轮从4级到2级精度、2级到1级精度的"进化"过程,丰富中国超精密齿轮技术发展的历史资料,展现老一辈科学家勇攀高峰、敢为人先的创新精神。

In the manufacturing field,the precision is a difficult point.The breakthrough of the grade 1 precision of the superprecision gear in our country can be served as the typical example for its illustration.The ultra-precision gear for achieving transmission,speed change and direction change can be used as the transmission benchmark for the gear precision,and can also be used as a precision instrument to be installed in cutting-edge products and modern weapons.Due to the restriction of the technology transfer to our country by Western developed countries,Wang Liding,academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,with his team have successfully developed the grade 1 ultra-precision standard gear in the international standard in1999 and mastered the core technology independently.Based on the interview with Wang Liding,this paper analyzes the evolution process of the super-precision gear from grade 4 to grade 2,and then to grade 1,to enrich the historical data of the development of the ultra-precision gear technology in China and to show the innovative spirit of the older generation of scientists in China.