谷饲与草饲牦牛肉矿物质含量差异研究

Study on the difference of mineral content between grain-fed and grass-fed yak

试验探究不同饲养方式(谷饲和草饲)对牦牛肉矿物质含量的影响。试验采用单因素试验设计,分别采集草饲和谷饲牦牛的背阔肌、臂三头肌、腰大肌、背最长肌、臀股二头肌、半腱肌,比较分析6个部位的锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、钙(Ca)、钾(K)、镁(Mg)、钠(Na)8种矿物质元素含量差异。结果显示,同一饲养方式下,不同部位矿物质元素含量普遍差异较大。在谷饲条件下,背最长肌中各种矿物质含量相对较高;在草饲条件下,半腱肌中各种矿物质含量相对较高。不同饲养方式下牦牛肉矿物质元素含量差异较大。在谷饲条件下,牦牛各部位肌肉中Na含量比草饲条件下高,而Ca、Fe含量比草饲条件下低。研究表明,牦牛不同肌肉部位中矿物质含量差异较大,且不同饲养方式下同一部位矿物质含量差异较大,不同日粮是影响牦牛肉中矿物质含量差异的主要因素。

The experiment was explored the effect of grain-fed and grass-fed on mineral element content of yak meat.The experiment adopted a single-factor experimental design.The latissimus dorsi,brachii triceps,psoas major,longissimus dorsi,gluteus femoris and semitendinosus were collected from grass-fed yak and grain-fed yak to compared and analyze the differences of the content of zinc(Zn),iron(Fe),copper(Cu),manganese(Mn),calcium(Ca),potassium(K),magnesium(Mg)and sodium(Na)in the six positions.The results showed that under the same feeding method,the content of mineral elements in different parts were generally different.Under the condition of grain feeding,the content of various minerals in the longissimus dorsi was relatively high,while under the condition of grass feeding,the content of various minerals in semitendinosus muscle is relatively high.The content of mineral elements in yak meat was greatly different under different feeding methods.Under the condition of grain feeding,the content of Na in the muscle of each part of the yak was higher than that under the condition of grass feeding,while the content of Ca and Fe were lower than that of the condition of grass feeding.The experiment indicates that the mineral content in different muscle parts of yak has great differences,and the diet is one of the key factors affecting the mineral content in yak.