基础公共服务支出与城乡居民消费升级——基于中国省级面板数据的实证检验

Expenditure on Basic Public Services and Upgrading of Consumption for Urban and Rural Residents——Empirical Test Based on Chinese Provincial Panel Data

利用2007—2019年中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)的面板数据,实证分析政府基础公共服务财政支出水平对城乡居民可支配收入差距和消费差距的影响。结果表明:政府基础公共服务支出水平的提高有利于缩减城乡居民收入差距和消费差距,并且对城乡居民发展型消费和享受型消费均有促进作用,政府基础公共服务支出水平的提高有益于扩大国内消费需求;不同类型的政府财政支出对城乡居民收入差距和消费差距的影响具有异质性。提出相关政策建议:政府应扩大总体基础公共服务供给水平,优化基础公共服务支出的结构和在城乡间的分配,以实现缩减城乡居民的收入差距和消费差距、扩大内需的目的。

Using the panel data of 31 provinces(municipalities)in China from 2007 to 2019,this paper empirically analyzes the impact of the level of government expenditure on the disposable income gap and consumption gap of urban and rural residents.The results show that the increase in government expenditure on basic public services is conducive to reducing the income gap and consumption gap between urban and rural residents,and promotes both the developmental consumption and enjoyment consumption of urban and rural residents,and is conducive to expanding domestic consumption demand;different types of government financial expenditures have heterogeneous effects on the income gap and consumption gap between urban and rural residents.It puts forward relevant policy recommendations:the government should expand the overall level of basic public services,optimize the structure and distribution of basic public services expenditure in urban and rural areas,so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the income gap and consumption gap between urban and rural residents and expanding domestic demand.