南京市典型地区大气多环芳烃污染特征及健康风险评价

Pollution Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Atmospheric PAHs in Typical Areas in Nanjing City

采用气相色谱-质谱法,于2016年9月和12月对南京市2个典型地区大气中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的质量浓度进行分析,并开展了PAHs组成特征、来源解析及人体健康风险评价研究。结果表明,工业区(六合区)和生活区(江宁区)大气(气态和可吸入颗粒态)中16种PAHs的质量浓度分别为914.82和712.27 ng/m^(3),苯并[a]芘毒性等效浓度分别为274.1和309.84 ng/m^(3),且呈现冬季高、秋季低的特征。比值法源解析结果表明,燃煤污染是六合区PAHs污染主要来源,而江宁区主要表现为交通污染。人体健康风险评价结果表明,六合区和江宁区人群通过大气吸入PAHs的超额致癌风险分别为5.17×10^(-5)和5.85×10^(-5),均略高于可接受水平10^(-6)。

The concentrations of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in the atmosphere of typical areas in Nanjing were analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)in September and December 2016.The component characteristics,source apportionment and human health risk assessment of PAHs were explored.The results showed that the mass concentrations of 16 PAHs in the atmosphere(gas phase and inhalable particulate matter)of industrial area(Luhe district)and living area(Jiangning district)were 914.82 ng/m^(3) and 712.27 ng/m^(3),respectively.The toxic equivalent concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene were 274.1 ng/m^(3) and 309.84 ng/m^(3),respectively.In addition,the concentrations of PAHs in winter was higher than those in autumn.The results of source apportionment by ratio method showed that coal combustion was the main source of ambient air PAHs in Luhe District,while traffic exhaust was the main source in Jiangning District.The results of human health risk assessment showed that the excess carcinogenic risk of inhaling PAHs were 5.17×10^(-5) and 5.58×10^(-5) in Luhe district and Jiangning district respectively,slightly higher than the acceptable level of 10^(-6).