关于劳动者即时解除通知的几点思考

REFLECTIONS ON THE NOTICE OF IMMEDIATE RESCISSION OF LABORERS

我国民事合同解除通知方式,既包括诉讼仲裁外直接通知对方当事人的方式,也包括提起诉讼申请仲裁而间接通知对方当事人的方式。劳动者即时解除劳动合同的通知能否采取申请仲裁的间接通知方式,理论和立法上具有争议。比较法上,在赋予劳动者不经预告即时解除劳动合同权利时,并不免除劳动者离职前向用人单位发送解除通知(即辞职通知)的义务。我国应借鉴比较法和地方裁审意见的合理规定,确立“劳动者离职时向用人单位发送即时解除通知”的直接通知方式;确立劳动者即时解除通知的书面形式要求;同时确立劳动者即时解除理由的主动告知义务和被动说明义务,从而完善劳动者即时解除通知规则。

In China,the way to rescind a civil contract is either a direct notification to the other party or indirect ways such as litigation and arbitration.It is currently controversial in theory and legislation regarding whether the immediate rescission notice of laborers can be exercised through arbitration.In terms of comparative law,when empowering a laborer the right to immediately rescind a labor contract without advance notice,it does not exempt the obligation of a laborer to inform the employer of his or her resignation(rescission notice)before leaving.China should adopt comparative law and reasonable provisions of the local adjudication for reference,establish the way of a direct notification,that is to give notice of immediate rescission to the employer when the laborer is leaving,also specify the requirements of written form for such a notice,and define the laborers'obligations of initiative notification and passive instruction regarding the reasons for immediate rescission,so as to improve the regulation of immediate rescission notice of the laborers.