大型水利枢纽泄洪运行安全实时调控技术

Real-time Control Technology for Flood Discharge Safety of Large-scale Hydraulic Projects

针对长江上中游已建的大型水利枢纽泄洪运行中出现的不良水力特性及泄洪破坏等问题,系统研究了泄洪消能建筑物、坝区其他建筑物泄洪安全调控响应特性,进一步揭示了枢纽泄洪运行破坏的致灾机理,发展了减轻泄洪危害的精细调控技术,提出了智能快速评估方法,构建了泄洪安全监测及实时调控系统。以上评估方法及监测系统可对泄洪消能防护、空蚀、结构和场地振动、雾化等安全调控响应特性进行实时监测、预报、评估和优化调度。研究成果及相应技术可指导类似工程安全运行。

In the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River,undesirable hydraulic characteristics and structural damage caused by flood discharge have emerged in some large-scale hydraulic projects.Characteristics of response to safety regulation are studied for flood discharge structures and other structures at the damsite.The disaster-causing mechanism of flood discharge damage is revealed,and the precise regulation technology is developed to reduce the threat of flood discharge.An intelligent and fast evaluation method is proposed,and a flood discharge safety monitoring and real-time operation system is established.The above evaluation method and monitoring system can be used for real-time monitoring,prediction,evaluation and optimization scheduling of flood discharge and energy dissipation protection,cavitation erosion,structural and field vibration,atomization and other response characteristics.The findings and corresponding technologies proposed in this study provide a well guidance for similar projects.