人表皮生长因子受体2低表达乳腺癌及其相关药物治疗的研究进展

Progression of HER-2 lowly expressed breast cancer and the related anti-tumor drugs

乳腺癌是女性常见的恶性肿瘤之一,世界各地乳腺癌发病率居高不下。人表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)是一种酪氨酸激酶受体,HER-2异常扩增或过度表达的乳腺癌具有侵袭性强、预后差的特点。随着抗HER-2药物的出现,HER-2阳性乳腺癌患者的生存期逐渐延长,患者预后得以改善,但传统HER-2靶向药物对HER-2低表达患者的疗效十分有限,HER-2低表达乳腺癌的治疗依然面临挑战。文章回顾了美国临床肿瘤学会和美国病理学家学会指南对于HER-2检测规范化的过程,提出了定义HER-2低表达乳腺癌这一新亚型的数据依据及可能。新一代HER-2靶向药物的诞生,为HER-2低表达患者的治疗提供新的选择,这将重新定义HER-2低表达乳腺癌,并为HER-2低表达乳腺癌患者预后改善提供新的机会。

Breast cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of women.In recent years,the incidence of breast cancer is high.Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2)is a tyrosine kinase receptor.Breast cancer with abnormal amplification or overexpression of HER-2 have the characteristics of strong tumor invasiveness and poor prognosis.With the advent of anti-HER-2 drugs,the survival period of patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer is gradually prolonged,and the prognosis of patients with HER-2 positive breast cancer is improved.However,the efficacy of traditional HER-2 targeted drugs on patients with low expression of HER-2 is very limited,and the treatment of breast cancer with low expression of HER-2 is still facing challenges.This article reviews the standardization process of the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the American Society of Pathologists guidelines for HER-2 detection,and puts forward the data basis and possibility of defining a new subtype of breast cancer with low expression of HER-2.The birth of a new generation of HER-2 targeting drugs makes it possible to treat patients with low expression of HER-2,which will redefine breast cancer with low expression of HER-2 and provide a new opportunity for the prognosis of patients with low expression of HER-2.