喷施富硒植物营养素对冬小麦硒含量、产量及品质的影响

Effect of Spraying Selenium-rich Phytonutrients on Selenium,Yield and Quality in Winter Wheat

生物富硒强化技术是提升小麦功能营养价值的重要方法之一。为了研究富硒植物营养素对冬小麦硒含量、产量及品质的影响,2018-2019年在陕西关中灌区,选用小麦新品种‘西农511’在开花期叶面喷施富硒植物营养素,分析籽粒硒含量、产量及品质的变化。结果表明:喷施富硒植物营养素使籽粒硒含量显著提高0.15~1.44 mg·kg^(-1)。籽粒硒含量随着喷施浓度的增加而增加,喷施次数以1次为最佳。喷硒处理对小麦产量无显著影响,对品质影响主要表现为稳定时间的增加,增幅为14.5%~351.46%。土壤硒含量对于叶面喷施硒肥有一定的促进作用,而不同地区间喷硒后籽粒硒含量差异显著。因此,喷硒可以改善小麦营养品质。在关中灌区,推荐富硒植物营养素施用量不少于2.7 kg·hm^(-2),施用量为6 g·kg^(-1)。

Intensifying technology of biological selenium-enrichment is one of the important methods for improving the functional nutritional value of wheat.From 2018 to 2019,the selenium(Se)enriched phytonutrients(SEP)was prayed on the leaves of a new wheat variety‘Xinong 511’during anthesis stage in Guanzhong irrigated region of Shaanxi province,the aim of experiment is to study the effects of SEP on Se content in grains,yield and quality of the wheat.The SEP significantly increased Secontent in grains by 0.15-1.44 mg·kg^(-1),the Secontent in grains increased with the increase of spraying concentration.The one time spraying with SEP had the best effect.The SEP had no effects on grain yield.The SEP increased stabilization time by 14.5%-351.46%.The Se content in soilpromoted the effect of SEP.There was a significant difference among different regions.In conclusion,the SEP significantly improves the quality of wheat grains.Thusthe suitable quantity of SEP is not less than 2.7 kg·hm^(-2) and the concentration of 6 g·kg^(-1) in Guanzhong irrigated regions.