运动疗法联合饮食干预对妊娠期糖尿病患者血糖控制及母婴结局的影响

Effect of Exercise Therapy Combined with Dietary Intervention on Blood Glucose Control and Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Patients

目的:研究分析运动疗法联合饮食干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者血糖控制及母婴结局的影响。方法:选取某院2018年6月~2020年6月期间收治的113例GDM患者为研究对象,随机将患者分为研究组和对照组,其中对照组57例患者进行常规护理干预,研究组56例患者进行运动疗法联合饮食干预,对比两组患者的血糖控制情况、并发症发生情况及新生儿结局。结果:研究组糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)、空腹血糖(FBG)以及餐后2h血糖(2hPBG)水平显著低于对照组;研究组早产、羊水过多、产后出血、剖宫产、妊娠期高血压等并发症发生情况均显著低于对照组;研究组新生儿低血糖、早产儿、巨大儿、新生儿窘迫及新生儿窒息发生率均低于对照组。两组数据差异明显,具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对GDM患者进行运动疗法联合饮食干预,可以有效控制患者的血糖水平,降低并发症发生风险,改善母婴结局,值得在临床实践中推广应用。

Objective:To study the effect of exercise therapy and dietary intervention on blood glucose control and maternal and infant outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes(GDM).Methods:113 GDM patients admitted to a hospital from June 2018 to June 2020 were selected as study objects,and randomly divided into study group and control group.57 patients the control group were given routine care intervention and 56 patients in the study group were given exercise therapy combined dietary intervention.Blood glucose control,incidence of complications,and neonatal outcomes between the two groups were compared.Results:HBc(HbAlc),fasting blood glucose(FBG)and 2h blood glucose(2hPBG)in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The incidences of complications such as premature birth,excessive amniotic fluid,postpartum bleeding,cesarean section,and gestational hypertension in the study group were all significantly lower than those in the control group.The incidences of neonatal hypoglycemia,premature,macrosomia,neonatal distress and neonatal asphyxia in the study group were lower than those in the control group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Exercise therapy combined with dietary intervention for GDM patients can effectively control their blood glucose levels,reduce the risk of complications and improve maternal and infant outcomes,which is worthy of promotion and application in clinical practice.