公交车司乘冲突犯罪的分析及预防

The Analysis and PreventionforDriver-Passenger Conflicts on Buses

公交车司乘冲突所引发犯罪属于典型的突发性犯罪,暴力行为手段占较大比重,被害人表现出相对明显的被害倾向性与受容性。司乘冲突的频发既有社会心理、文化、制度等深层次原因,也与犯罪人自身的心理、人格特征息息相关。在生成机制上,犯罪人的犯罪动机大多源自不良情绪的宣泄,犯罪决意的形成和巩固易受到犯罪情境的催化,而围观者的淡漠则进一步清除行为的外部障碍,最终导致内心冲动到外在行为的恶性转化。预防司乘冲突的发生,应尽可能清除对行为起催化作用的犯罪情境,减少司乘人员的被害特性,并从刑事政策、犯罪认定、刑罚执行三个层面合理组织对该类犯罪的刑事治理,为更高水平的平安中国建设提供具象的实施方案。

Crimes caused bydriver and passenger conflicts on buses are typical unexpected crimes,with a large proportion of violent means,and victims show relatively obvious tendency to be violated and tolerance.The frequent occurrence ofbus driver and passenger conflicts is not only caused by social psychological,cultural and institutional factors,but also closely related to the psychological and personality characteristics of the offenders.Perpetrators’criminal motionsare deprived from catharsis in most circumstances,the formation and consolidation of criminal determination is easily catalyzed by the criminal context,while the indifference of the onlookers further removes the external barriers of behavior,and the vicious transformation from inner impulse to outer behavior occurs.To prevent the occurrence of bus driver-passenger conflicts,it is necessary to eliminate the crime context that play a catalytic role in the behavioras far as possible,reduce the features of being victimized for drivers,andreasonably organize the criminal governance from such levels as criminal policies,criminal identifications and punishment executions,so as to provide concrete implementational plans for the construction of a higher level of safe China.