西安市5~6岁儿童乳牙患龋现况及影响因素分析

Dental caries status and its influencing factors among 5~6-year-old children in Xi’an

目的:调查西安市5~6岁儿童患龋情况及其相关危险因素。方法:本研究采用整群抽样的方法,对西安市雁塔区和新城区两个城区共610名5~6岁儿童的资料进行分析,包括儿童的基本信息、刷牙习惯、进食习惯、口腔检查结果等。主要结果指标是儿童是否患龋,定性变量单因素分析使用卡方检验,定量变量使用t检验,多因素分析使用多因素logistics回归。结果:西安市5~6岁城区儿童乳牙患龋率63.61%,龋均2.99±3.37,龋齿充填率19.68%。其中男生患龋率65.15%,龋均3.12±3.50,龋齿填充率为17.49%;女生患龋率61.79%,龋均2.84±3.20,龋齿填充率为22.52%,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单因素分析结果显示软垢指数、开始刷牙年龄、进食甜点心频率、睡前进食甜点心与患龋率有关,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示软垢指数,开始刷牙年龄是龋病的主要影响因素。结论:西安市5~6岁儿童患龋率处于较高水平,其中软垢指数和开始刷牙年龄与患龋有关,需要提醒家长注意儿童的口腔卫生,早期培养其良好的刷牙习惯。

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of dental caries and its influencing factors among 5~6-year-old children in Xi’an.Methods:This study used cluster sampling to analyze the data of a total of 610 children aged 5-6 in the Yanta District and Xincheng District of Xi’an,including basic information of children,brushing habits,eating habits,oral examination results,etc.The primary outcome measure was whether the child had dental caries,analysis of qualitative variables using chi-square test,the quantitative variables using the t-test,and the logistic regression analysis was performed to study the relationships between the prevalence of dental caries and the selected variables.Results:The prevalence of dental caries was 63.61%in 5~6-year-old children in Xi’an,the mean dmft was 2.99±3.37,and the dental caries filling rate was 19.68%.Among them,the prevalence rate of male students was 65.15%,the mean dmft was 3.12±3.50,the filling rate of dental caries was 17.49%,the prevalence rate of female students was 61.79%,the mean dmft was 2.84±3.20,and the dental caries filling rate was 22.52%.The difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the debris index,the age of starting brushing,the frequency of eating sweet dessert,and the eating sweetness of sleep were related to the rate of caries.The logistic regression analysis showed that the debris index and the age of starting brushing were the main influencing factors of dental caries.Conclusion:The prevalence of dental caries in children aged 5~6 years in Xi’an is at a high level,the debris index and the age of starting brushing are related to the caries.Parents need to be reminded to pay attention to children’s oral hygiene,and early training of children’s good brushing habits.