高速铁路轮轨垂向力与轨道高低不平顺关联特性

Correlation between Wheel/Rail Vertical Force and Track Profile Irregularity in High Speed Railway

采用ABAQUS商业软件建立三维轮轨接触有限元模型,以中国高速铁路线路和典型服役车辆参数作为模型仿真参数,分别将中国高速铁路无砟轨道高低不平顺谱和余弦型轨道高低不平顺作为模型输入,仿真分析轨道高低不平顺幅值、波长与轮轨垂向力响应之间在时频域上振幅、相位的关联特性,并拟合不同车速下附加轮轨垂向力与轨道高低不平顺特征参数之间的函数表达式。结果表明:附加轮轨垂向力的波动范围随轨道高低不平顺波长的增加而非线性减小;轨道不平顺及轮轨垂向力之间的延迟相位随激振频率的增加而增加,整体处于0.02π~0.10π之间;轨道高低不平顺波长大于30 m时,附加轮轨垂向力与轨道变化率呈近似线性关系,二者之间的比例系数在车速300和350 km·h^(-1)时分别为13.14和19.19。

The ABAQUS commercial software is applied to establish the 3D wheel/rail contact finite element model.Taking the parameters of China’s high-speed railway lines and typical vehicles in service as the model simulation parameters,and taking the ballastless track profile irregularity spectrum and cosine track profile irregularity of China’s high-speed railway as the model inputs respectively,the correlation characteristics of the amplitude and phase between the track profile irregularity amplitude,wavelength and wheel/rail vertical force response in time and frequency domain are simulated and analyzed.The function expressions between the additional wheel/rail vertical force and track profile irregularity characteristic parameters at different vehicle speeds are fitted.The results show that the fluctuation range of the additional wheel/rail vertical force decreases nonlinearly with the increase of track profile irregularity wavelength.The delay phase between the track irregularity and wheel/rail vertical force increases with the increase of vibration frequency,which is between 0.02π and 0.10π as a whole.When the wavelength of track profile irregularity is greater than 30 m,the relationship between the additional wheel/rail vertical force and the track change rate is approximately linear,and the proportional coefficients are 13.14 and 19.19 at the speed of 300 km·h^(-1) and 350 km·h^(-1) respectively.