先秦和古希腊财富观对中西方传统经济观的影响

Influence of Pre-Qin and Ancient Greek Wealth Views on Traditional Economic Concepts of Chinese and Western Countries

先秦儒家财富观具有伦理财富观的特点,主要讨论财富中的义利关系和财富的分配;古希腊财富观具有增殖财富观的特点,主要讨论财富的内在属性及财富增殖。先秦和古希腊因地理环境与经济形态的不同决定了二者财富观的不同,这一差异对之后中西方传统经济观向不同方向演变产生了重要影响。先秦儒家财富观主张把求利活动约束在社会道德规范内,鄙视不义之财,应继承发展成为中国特色社会主义市场经济的价值观念。先秦儒家主张财富分配上国家财富(资本)与民间财富(资本)维持合理比例,古希腊财富观对财富增殖的讨论中强调对私有产权和契约的保护,两者都对今天发展社会主义市场经济具有理论启示。

The pre-Qin Confucian wealth concept highlights the characteristics of ethic’,mainly discusses the relationship between the standard of thought and benefit in wealth,and the distribution of wealth;The ancient Greek wealth concept highlights the characteristics of‘value-added’,mainly discusses the intrinsic properties and the proliferation of wealth.The difference about the geographic environment and the economic form in pre-Qin and ancient Greek decided the difference in their wealth concepts,and has an important impact on the evolution in different directions of Chinese and Western traditional economic thoughts.The pre-Qin Confucian wealth concept advocates the profit-seeking activities should be confined by social moral norms,and despises the ill-gotten gains.These thoughts should be inherited and be developed into the value of the socialist market economy in China.The pre-Qin Confucian advocates the distribution of wealth should maintain a reasonable proportion bewteen national wealth(capital)and private wealth(capital).The ancient Greek highlights the protection of private property rights and contracts.These thoughts all have theoretical implications for the development of socialist market economy in China.