抗菌用壳聚糖及其金属粒子复合材料研究进展

Research progress of chitosan and its metal particle composite materials for antibacterial application

由细菌、真菌等微生物感染引起的疾病一直是公共卫生中存在的问题,可高效杀死病菌且没有副作用的抗菌材料的开发成为当前研究的热点和重点之一。但微生物对现有抗生素广泛出现耐药性,成为微生物感染治疗的难点。近年来,壳聚糖作为抗菌活性高、生物相容性好和来源广的绿色材料一直备受关注。壳聚糖与Ag、Au和Zn等金属纳米粒子复合后会产生协同抗菌效果,且微生物很难对其产生耐受性,可用于伤口敷料薄膜、敷料抗菌添加剂等领域。该文结合壳聚糖的抗菌性质,总结其抗菌机制和抗菌活性的影响因素,综述了壳聚糖与Ag、Au和Zn等纳米粒子复合后的生物抗菌材料的研究现状,展望此类材料在抗菌领域的发展趋势,为进一步研究生物抗菌材料提供信息支撑。

Diseases caused by microbial infections such as bacteria and fungi have been a problem in public health. Antibacterial materials that can effectively kill bacteria and have no side effects have become one of the current research hotspots and focuses. However, microbes widely appear drug resistance, which has become a difficult point in the treatment of microbial infections. In recent years, chitosan as a green material with high antibacterial activity, good biocompatibility and wide source has attracted wide attention. The composite of chitosan with metal particles such as Ag, Au and Zn nanoparticles can produce synergistic antibacterial effect, and it is difficult for microorganisms to develop tolerance to it, so it can be used as antibacterial additives for wound dressing film dressing and other fields. According to the antibacterial properties of chitosan, the antibacterial mechanism and the factors influencing its antibacterial activity are summarized. Subsequently, the current research status of antibacterial materials composed of chitosan and Ag, Au and Zn nanoparticles is reviewed. Finally, the development trend of these materials in the field of antimicrobial is prospected, which will provide information support for the further research of biological antibacterial materials.