1-苯甲氧基-3-烷氧基-2-丙醇成膜助剂的制备及应用

Preparation and application of 1-phenoxy-3-alkoxy-2-propanol film forming coalescing agents

以苯甲醇和异丙基缩水甘油醚、正丁基缩水甘油醚为原料,合成1-苯甲氧基-3-烷氧基-2-丙醇成膜助剂。探究了最佳工艺条件为:n(苯甲醇)∶n(烷基缩水甘油醚)=1∶1.5,反应温度120℃,反应时间9 h,催化剂为复合催化剂[m(甲醇钠)∶m(四丁基溴化铵)=2∶1],催化剂用量0.8%(以苯甲醇和烷基缩水甘油醚的质量和为基准,下同)。采用红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱确证了成膜助剂的化学结构。测定1-苯甲氧基-3-异丙氧基-2-丙醇成膜助剂的沸点为267~270℃,1-苯甲氧基-3-正丁氧基-2-丙醇成膜助剂的沸点为276~280℃。探究了合成的成膜助剂在乳胶漆中的应用,分别进行了最低成膜温度、涂膜表面形态、透光率、硬度、吸水率、热储存稳定性、展色性和耐水性等方面的测试,合成的成膜助剂总体性能优于传统成膜助剂2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯(十二醇酯)。

1-Phenoxy-3-alkoxy-2-propanol coalescing agents were synthesized from benzyl alcohol and isopropyl glycidyl ether(or n-butyl glycidyl ether). The optimum process conditions for the coalescing agents were obtained as follows: n(benzyl alcohol)∶n(alkyl glycidyl ether)=1∶1.5, reaction temperature 120 ℃, reaction time 9 h, mixture of sodium methoxide and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide [m(sodium methoxide)∶m(tetrabutyl ammonium bromide)=2∶1] as catalyst, catalyst dosage(based on the total mass of benzyl alcohol and alkyl glycidyl ether, the same below) 0.8%. The chemical structures of the coalescing agents were confirmed by FTIR and ^(1)HNMR. The boiling points of 1-phenoxy-3-isopropoxy-2-propanol and 1-phenoxy-3-n-butoxy-2-propanol were 267~270 ℃ and 276~280 ℃, respectively. The application of the coalescing agents in latex paint was explored. The minimum film forming temperature, coating surface morphology, light transmittance of coating, coating hardness, water absorption and heat storage stability of the coating, color and water resistance were tested. The results indicated that the overall performance of the prepared coalescing agents was better than that of the traditional coalescing agent 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate.