聚焦问题解决模式下健康教育对重度子痫前期患者心理状况和母婴结局的影响

Effect of problem-focused solving model health education on psychological status,maternal and neonatal outcomes of patients with severe preeclampsia

目的探讨对重度子痫前期患者实施聚焦问题解决模式下的健康教育后对患者心理状态以及母婴结局的影响。方法选取2018年1月-2020年12月来该院治疗的重度子痫前期患者80例,按照随机原则分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组在常规治疗的基础上给予一般健康教育,观察组在对照组的基础上实施聚焦问题解决模式下的健康教育,并比较两组患者干预前后心理状态(CD-RISC)评分和母婴结局。结果接受干预前,观察组和对照组孕妇的SDS评分和SAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是接受干预后两组患者的SDS评分和SAS评分均明显下降(P<0.05),接受干预后,观察组SDS评分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),SAS评分也显著低于对照组(P<0.05);干预后观察组患者弥漫性血管内凝血、产后出血、肝肾功能损害及心功能衰竭等产后不良事件的发生率均有明显的下调(P<0.05);干预前后与对照组相比,观察组患者的婴儿的剖宫产和和早产、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息及新生儿低体质量都明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论聚焦问题解决模式下对患者进行健康教育对重度子痫前期患者有积极的意义,可以缓解患者的不良情绪,改善分娩过程中目前和婴儿的负面结局,对母亲和婴儿均有积极作用。

Objective To explore the effect of problem-focused solving model health education on psychological status, maternal and neonatal outcomes of patients with severe preeclampsia. Methods From January 2018 to December 2020, 80 patients with severe preeclampsia were selected and divided into control group and observation group according to random principle, 40 patients in each group;the patients in control group were treated with general health education based on routine therapy, the patients in observation group were treated with problem-focused solving model health education based on control group;psychological status(CD-RISC) scores, maternal and neonatal outcomes before and after intervention in the two groups were compared. Results Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in SDS score and SAS score between the two groups(P>0.05);after intervention, SDS scores and SAS scores in the two groups decreased significantly(P<0.05), SDS score and SAS score after intervention in observation group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05);after intervention, the incidence rates of disseminated intravascular coagulation, postpartum hemorrhage, functional lesion of liver and kidney, and heart failure in observation group decreased significantly(P<0.05);before and after intervention, cesarean section rate, premature birth rate, the incidences rates of fetal distress, neonatal asphyxia, and neonatal low weight in observation group were statistically significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05). Conclusion Problem-focused solving model health education has active significance for patients with severe preeclampsia, relieve unhealthy emotions, and improve negative outcomes of infants, which plays an active role for mothers and infants.