一种颅骨缺损帽的临床应用效果初探

Clinical effects of skull protective cap for patients with skull defect

目的探讨一种颅骨缺损帽在颅骨缺损患者头部安全保护中的临床应用效果。方法2019年1月至2020年12月选取在宜宾市第一人民医院治疗的颅骨缺损患者78例,随机分为对照组和观察组(各39例),观察组佩戴作者实用型发明专利“颅骨缺损帽”(专利号:CN 207356179 U),对照组除常规健康教育外不予特殊处理。分别于1个月后和3个月后观察患者头部保护情况及伤口感染发生情况,并调查观察组患者佩戴颅骨缺损帽的主观感觉。结果观察1个月后对照组和观察组分别有7例和5例发生伤口感染,3个月后分别有9例和8例发生伤口感染,两组伤口感染发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察1个月后对照组有4例发生头部再次受伤,而观察组无;3个月后对照组和观察组头部再次受伤率分别为25.0%和2.9%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者3个月后自觉疼痛、闷热、咀嚼受限、自信心受损、活动度和美观性差的例数分别为1、3、1、5、4和8例。结论该颅骨缺损帽能有效保护头部免受二次损伤,且主观感觉良好,值得在临床中推广应用。

Objective To explore the clinical effects of skull protective cap on the protection of patients with skull defect.Methods From January 2019 to December 2020,78 patients with skull defect in the First People's Hospital of Yibin were selected and randomly divided into control group and observation group.The patients in observation group were chosen to wear skull protective cap.While the patients in control group received routine health education without any special treatment.The protective effect and the incidence of wound infection were compared after 1 and 3 months of the intervention.And the subjective feeling of the observation group was investigated.Results There were 7 cases and 5 cases of wound infection in the control group and the observation group respectively after 1 month of intervention.There were 9 cases and 8 cases of wound infection respectively after 3 months of intervention.And there was no significant difference in the incidence rate between two groups(P>0.05).There were 4 cases of head re-injury in the control group after 1 month of intervention,but not in the observation group.And the incidence rates of head re-injury in the control group and the observation group were 25.0%and 2.9%respectively after 3 months of intervention.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The number of patients in the observation group who felt pain,stuffiness,masticatory limitation,impaired self-confidence,poor mobility and aesthetics after 3 months were 1,3,1,5,4 and 8 cases respectively.Conclusions Skull protective cap can effectively protect the head from re-injury with good subjective feeling,which is worthy of clinical promotion.