三叉神经痛的病理机制及治疗进展

The pathomechanism and treatment progress of trigeminal neuralgia

三叉神经痛是最为常见的颅面部疼痛,发病机制尚未完全清楚,常表现为其一个或多个分支中的突然、严重、短暂、尖锐性和复发性疼痛。针对目前各家提出的不同的分类方法、多种发病机制如中枢性假说、神经受压迫学说、炎症反应学说、生物共振假说、离子通道改变学说以及临床多学科参与的治疗手段进展作一综述,为三叉神经病理性疼痛的个性化治疗提供参考。

Trigeminal neuralgia(TN)is the most common craniofacial pain,but its pathogenesis has not been fully understood.TN often manifests as a sudden,severe,brief,stabbing,and recurrent pain in one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve.Classification methods,various pathogenesis(such as central hypothesis,nerve compression theory,inflammatory response theory,bioresonance hypothesis,and ion channel alteration theory)and clinical multidisciplinary treatment progress were reviewed to provide references for personalized treatment of TN.