计算人文的发展及展望

The Development and Outlook of Computing Humanities

[目的/意义]人文计算经过半个多世纪的发展,呈现出广阔的发展前景。随着人工智能的快速发展,从数据资源构建到数据分析都出现了新的特征,为人文计算带来了新的技术工具和研究思路。在这样的发展思路下,有必要对人文计算进行现状剖析,并展望未来的新趋势。[方法/过程]文章研究和回顾了人文计算和数字人文领域的最新文献,以验证研究领域的新阶段,包括数据资源构建、定量分析、文本内容挖掘和国内研究进展。讨论了计算人文的未来意义,包括面向问题的数据资源构建、基于知识的测量和可视化分析、学科内容的智能挖掘以及哲学社会科学的发展和文化的普及。[结果/结论]在经历了前期各发展阶段后,由于拥有了更丰富的资源基础和更便捷的技术支持,人文计算得以进入新的发展阶段,即回归到以人文为对象、研究人文学科的问题、突出人文科学属性,不再仅仅是工具、方法,而已成长为一门新兴、交叉学科。"计算人文"可以更好地描述当前发展阶段的特点。

[Purpose/significance]The humanities computing shows a promising future after more than half acentury. New features have appeared from data resource construction to data analysis due to the rapiddevelopment of artificial intelligence,This brings new technical tools and research ideas to humanities computing.It is necessary to analyze the current situation of humanities computing and look forward to the new trends of its future development.[Method/process]We study and review recent literatures of humanitiescomputing or digital humanities to verify the new phase of the research area including data resourceconstruction,quantitative analysis,text content mining and domestic research progress.The future implicationsof computing humanities are also discussed including problem-oriented data resource construction,knowledge-based measurement and visualization analysis, intelligent mining of subject content and the development ofphilosophy and social sciences and the popularization of culture. [Result/conclusion]After several phases ofdevelopment,with more abundant resource base and more convenient technical support,humanities computingis coming into a new stage which is returning to the humanities.Humanities computing will focus on theproblems of humanities and highlight the attributes of humanities.The study is not only tool and method,but also a new and interdisciplinary subject. We think "computing humanities" can better describe thecharacteristics of this stage.